繁體中文版情緒覺察量表使用於臺灣國小學童之效度研究

A Validity Study of the Traditional Chinese Version of the Emotion Awareness Questionnaire for Taiwanese Elementary School Students

本研究旨在驗證繁體中文版情緒覺察量表使用於臺灣國小學童之品質，研究參與者來自北部4所國小四年級至六年級的學童共338名。研究結果顯示：（1）繁體中文版情緒覺察量表在「區辨情緒」、「言語表達情緒」、「沒有隱藏情緒」、「身體覺察」、「關注他人情緒」以及「分析情緒」具有良好的信度。（2）繁體中文版情緒覺察量表在驗證性因素分析及性別的恆等性測量中皆達良好的模式適配標準。（3）以「長處與困難問卷」及「家長情緒社會化策略」作為外在效標，結果顯示兒童情緒覺察能力與心理適應的關聯皆符合預期之方向性（除了身體覺察外）；母親回應兒童負向情緒的支持性策略（回饋）與兒童情緒覺察能力有正向關聯，而非支持性回應策略（放大、忽略、處罰）則與兒童情緒覺察能力呈負向關聯（除了關注他人情緒外）。綜合上述，繁體中文版情緒覺察量表具有可接受的信、效度，可作為國內測量學童多面向情緒覺察能力的工具，在研究及教育、心理評估上具有應用價值。

This study evaluated the quality of the Traditional Chinese version of the Emotion Awareness Questionnaire (EAQ) for Taiwanese elementary school students. The participants were 338 schoolchildren (from 4th to 6th grade) from four elementary schools in northern Taiwan. The results were as follows. (1) The six subscales (Differentiating Emotions, Verbal Sharing of Emotions, Not Hiding Emotions, Bodily Awareness, Attending to Others’Emotions, Analyses of Emotions) of the Traditional Chinese version of the EAQ showed good reliability. (2) The confirmatory factor analysis of the EAQ and the tests of measurement invariance across gender demonstrated acceptable results of model fitness. (3) The results of examining concurrent validity of the EAQ showed that the correlation patterns were consistent with expected directions in terms of the associations between children’s emotional awareness and their psychological adjustment. There were positive correlations between children’s emotional awareness and maternal supportive strategy for responding to children’s negative emotions (i.e., reward). Furthermore, there were negative correlations between children’s emotional awareness and maternal unsupportive response strategies (i.e., magnify, neglect, punish). Overall, the findings validated that the Traditional Chinese version of the EAQ has acceptable reliability and validity and could be a useful tool to assess Taiwanese schoolchildren’s multifaceted emotional awareness. In addition, it could have applications in research, education, and psychological assessments.