紙菸菸葉中重金屬含量之檢測   全文下載

Detection of Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaf of Cigarette

重金屬濃度過高或長期蓄積會對身體造成毒害，故本研究建立以微波消化系統進行紙菸菸葉樣品前處理，以鍺（Ge）、銠（Rh）及鉍（Bi）為內部標準品，續以感應耦合電漿串聯質譜儀（Inductively Coupled Plasma/tandem Mass Spectrometer, ICP-MS/MS）檢測之紙菸菸葉中重金屬含量之檢驗方法。鉻（Cr）、鎳（Ni）、砷（As）、硒（Se）、鎘（Cd）、汞（Hg）及鉛（Pb）等重金屬之標準曲線濃度範圍0-25 ng/mL，其相關係數均達0.999以上。品質管制分析則以標準參考物質之檢測值與標示值比值及標準參考物質額外添加硒及汞標準品添加值之回收率進行管控。本檢驗方法之定量極限，鉻、鎳、鎘及鉛均為0.5 mg/kg，砷、硒及汞均為0.05 mg/kg。依本方法檢測40件菸品檢體，鉻之含量範圍為1.03-3.90 mg/kg、鎳之含量範圍為1.23-4.43 mg/kg、硒之含量範圍為N.D.-0.13 mg/kg、砷之含量範圍為0.06-0.51 mg/kg、鎘之含量範圍為0.52-4.18 mg/kg、鉛之含量範圍為N.D.-1.90 mg/kg，而汞之含量皆低於定量極限（0.05 mg/kg）。本研究結果將有利於建立我國市售紙菸菸葉中重金屬含量資料庫，供主管機關參考。

High concentration or long-term accumulation of heavy metals can be harmful to health. In this study, an analytical method with automatic ultra-high pressure microwave reaction system for sample pretreatment followed by inductively coupled plasma/tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) to detect heavy metals of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in tobacco leaves was established. Germanium (Ge), rhodium (Rh) and bismuth (Bi) were used as internal standards. The calibration curves of heavy metals were in the range of 0-25 ng/mL, and the correlation coefficients were all above 0.999. Quality control was performed using a standard reference material, and also by adding Se and Hg standards to calculate accuracy. The limits of quantification for Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb were 0.5 mg/kg, and those for As, Se and Hg were 0.05 mg/kg. A total of 40 cigarette samples were analyzed. The contents were 1.03-3.90 mg/kg for Cr, 1.23-4.43 mg/kg for Ni, N.D.-0.13 mg/kg for Se, 0.06-0.51 mg/kg for As, 0.52-4.18 mg/kg for Cd, N.D.-1.90 mg/kg for Pb, and lower than the limit of the quantification (0.05 mg/kg) for Hg. The results of this study will facilitate the establishment of a database and provide the administrative authority as reference for the hazard prevention of tobacco products.