大學學習者的「通識意義」再論述：日本大學「情境學習」之共善觀為例

A Re-Discourse on how College Students Could Inspire a Meaningful General Education : Two Japanese Cases of Situated Learning Engaged in a Meaning for the Common Good

本文企圖由大學學習者的立場出發，論述如何透過情境學習賦予通識的學習意義與人生意義，情境學習的情境來自於學習者的生活經驗與體驗，透過實踐共同體的共作與共學，再連結到概念，來回思辯與對照後，將其學習意義化。該學習有四大要素：內容、脈絡、實踐共同體與參與。本文提出日本大學的兩個個案：寺院零食俱樂部與大學生協，前者為名屋產業大學的愛情教育，後者為東大的教養課程。兩者的共同點為共同受益的經驗，先以情境學習的四要素來探討兩個個案。接著連結到永續發展，即跨領域的一起永續思考：環境、社會與經濟。並從個體私益轉向共同體的共益邁進，即從獨善到共善，人類中心到生態中心。在此過程中，學習者的通識意義一再被思辯、蘊釀、強化與內化，而成為終極價值。

This article aims at explore more on how situated learning could be linked to the meaning of general education and further the meaning of life from the perspective of college undergraduates. Firstly, the concept of sustainable development associated with common good is discussed in terms of its historical context. In additions, what the University for is always a question to be asked since her sprit gone gradually. Among others, two Japanese cases of situational learning, Temple life-supporting boxes and Univ. co-op, are presented to reflect their appropriate content, context, community of practice and participation based on their being dependent or co-beneficial experiences. In particular, community of practice and participation are essential to develop dialogue among students. Thus, the concept of sustainable development is suitable for their cross-discipline discussion among environmental, social and economic aspects. As a result, a mindset for the common good instead of person good might evolve and internalize into their life. Through situated learning, it is likely to enable and empower students, as a beneficiary, decision-maker, participant, to be engaged in the situation of sustainable development with a meaningful life-long value of common good as a result. In additions, co-op its concept and practice has been enlisted to be UNESCO’s invisible heritage in 2016. For both two cases, cooperation is the most essential avenue towed the state of common good. College students, based on their daily life experience, are able to earn their opportunity to make their learning and life meaningful in terms of consistent dialogue with themselves. Accordingly, meaning of common good might evolve and internalize within a self-refreshment and development process. In a word, meaning stimulation toward common good, as an ultimate value, will be a“movable feast”as Hemingway once said.