「四一五」清黨前廣州國民黨左派的反共轉向──以《現代青年》為中心的研究

The Anti-Communist Turn of the Kuomintang Left in Guangzhou before the“April 15 Party Purge”: A Study Focusing on Modern Youth Magazine

國民黨容共時期，黨內分化出堅持聯俄容共政策的左派。左派與中共緊密合作，將革命推向高潮。在此過程中，前者對後者日漸產生防備與競爭的心態。兩派關係之惡化，發生在國民黨中央遷漢前後的廣州。1926年底《廣州民國日報》出版的《現代青年》副刊，被視為左派的中心言論機關之一，受到廣州左派青年歡迎。該刊與《嚮導》、《人民週刊》、《少年先鋒》進行辯論，也刊登一些左派青年對共產派的批評。《現代青年》上的言論，反映廣州清黨前幾個月間，左派對自身的革命信仰、階級屬性、革命性，以及國共關係的思考，指向的是兩黨誰領導中國革命及誰終將勝利的問題。廣州國民黨左派的思想與右派趨同，預示其最終走向與右派聯合反共的道路。

During the time of the Kuomintang’s (KMT) alliance with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the leftist faction of the KMT split from the Party by adhering to the policy of allying with Russia and accommodating the CCP. The KMT leftists worked closely with the CCP to bring the revolution to a climax. In the process, the KMT left gradually developed a defensive and competitive mindset towards the CCP. The deterioration of relations between KMT leftists and the CCP in Guangzhou came earlier than it did in Wuhan. In late 1926, Modern Youth, a supplement published by the Guangzhou Republican Daily, was regarded as one of the central organs of leftist discourse and was welcomed by the leftist youth in Guangzhou. Modern Youth engaged in debate with Guide Weekly, People's Weekly and Young Pioneer, and it also published some leftist youths’criticisms of the Communists. The commentary published in Modern Youth in the months before the April 15th coup reflected the KMT left’s thinking on their own revolutionary path and beliefs, their class affiliation, their revolutionary nature, and their relationship with the CCP, pointing to the questions of who would lead the Chinese revolution and who would ultimately prevail. The KMT left in Guangzhou’s ideological convergence with the Party’s right wing foreshadowed that it would eventually head down the path of joining with the rightists to oppose the Communists.