以儀式音聲氛圍體現族群的獨特性與融合：以臺灣北部客家與閩南漳州體系的釋教喪葬儀式為例

Ethnic Uniqueness and Fusion Embodied by Sonic Atmosphere of Rituals: The Case Studies of Funeral Rituals of the Hakka and Minnan (Zhangzhou) Lay Buddhism in the Northern Taiwan

臺灣釋教喪葬儀式吸納不同的宗教和音樂元素，以及社會生活概念。不同族群以各自的審美觀，進行儀式音樂展演，呈現獨特性。因族群之間的接觸與影響，使得儀式與音樂文化產生融合的現象。本文從不同的科儀、音樂建構的手法、戲劇與動作、語言、情緒引發的角度，以音聲氛圍的理論概念，探討整體氛圍中，參與者行動與環境的動態性，比較客家與閩南族群間的儀式展演特徵，以及儀式氛圍與情緒的關聯性。

Lay Buddhism in Taiwan adopted different elements of religion and mu¬sic and the conception of social life. Different ethnic groups perform ritual music based on their own aesthetics to present the uniqueness. Because of the contact and influence between ethnic groups, ritual and musical culture were fused. In this article, the dynamics of participants’movements and envi¬ronment in the whole atmosphere, the comparison of characteristics of ritual performance between the Hakka and Minnan groups, and the relationship between ritual atmosphere and emotion are discussed from the perspectives of different ritual sections, the techniques for constructing music, dramas and motions, languages, and emotions arising, based on the theory of sonic atmo¬sphere.