穿戴式科技應用於體育運動領域之系統性文獻回顧

The applications of wearable technologies in physical education and sport: A systematic literature review

穿戴式科技具備三軸陀螺儀與三軸加速計，可有效偵測物體的移動，目前已被廣泛運用於各領域之研究上。本研究為進一步深入了解穿戴式科技近10年在體育與運動領域之運用現況，使讀者能快速深入了解，研究者透過系統性文獻回顧方法，搜尋Applied Science & Technology Source、ERIC教育學索摘資料庫[EBSCOhost]、Academic Search Premier等三個資料庫，經由刪除論文題目重複與標題不吻合文獻、移除閱讀摘要後研究題目不相關文獻，以及最後透過閱讀全文之程序，從743篇文獻中篩選出符合本文要求之文獻共37篇。研究者首先綜整37篇文獻之屬性，列出作者/年代/國家、運動項目、研究主題、開發技術、使用穿戴式裝置類型、受試對象等重要資訊，並進一步將文獻屬性數據化。研究者從分析37篇文獻後發現，穿戴式科技仍是近3年熱門研究科技產品；研究主題有一半以上運用在運動訓練；運用範圍有接近一半運用在動作偵測與辨識上。此外，研究者也發現穿戴式科技運用在體育教學與疲勞偵測之文獻甚少，以及尚未有開發監測運動訓練質量之相關研究。建議未來在擴展穿戴式科技於體育運動領域之實務應用方面，可以朝發展動作學習APP、運動員疲勞預測APP、運動訓練質量監測APP，以及智慧運動器材開發這四項應用上；在學術研究方面，可以朝「體育課程即時學習成效評估」與「運動團隊戰術即時分析」等方向發展。

With three-axis gyroscopes and three-axis accelerometers, wearable technologies can be used to effectively detect object movements and have been widely applied in many areas. To provide readers a holistic understanding about the research and developments of wearable technologies in the field of physical education and sport, this study conducted a meta-review by reviewing literature published in the past 10 years related to using wearable technologies in physical education and sport fields. A set of specific keywords were first identified and used for searching the three literature databases including Applied Science & Technology, the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) [EBSCOhost], and Academic Search Premier. A total of 743 articles were found, after removing the literature with identical or irrelevant, at last 37 studies were included for conducting a systematic analysis. The 37 studies were then thoroughly read to extract relevant attributes based on authors, years, countries, sports, research topics, types of wearable technologies, and subjects. Followed by a synthesized analysis of all the extracted attributes, it was found that the research about using wearable technologies in physical education and sport became a very popular topic during the last three years. And over 50% of the studies applied wearable technologies in sports training; about half of those studies using wearable technologies for recognizing and detecting motions and movements. Very few studies used wearable technologies for physical education teaching and detecting fatigue or monitoring the quality of training. Finally, this study identified four important applications of using wearable technologies to develop motion learning apps, fatigue prediction apps, exercise quality monitoring apps, and smart sports equipment development for further strengthening the benefits of wearable technologies in the field of physical education and sport. Furthermore, regarding future research directions, it is recommended that ''measuring real-time learning effect of physical education'' and ''real-time analysis of sports team tactics'' are two important topics worth studying.