工作特性與工作滿意度之研究──以桃園市就業服務處為例

The Relationship Model between Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction: the Case of Taoyuan Office of Employment Services

本研究目的在探討公立就業服務機構不同背景就業服務員之工作特性與工作滿意度差異，以及工作特性對於工作滿意度的影響，試圖發掘就業服務員的工作特性原因，來預防或處理工作特性對就業服務員所產生的影響，可作為工作設計之參考。本研究應用問卷調查方式，以描述性統計來瞭解樣本特徵，並採用結構方程式進行假說檢定。本研究問卷發放期間為2020年11月9日至12月9日，有效問卷有67份。不同性別於工作特性各子構面以及工作滿意度皆未有顯著差異；不同年齡於工作特性的工作重要性有顯著差異；年資部分，就業服務員於工作特性的四個子構面，包含技能多樣性、工作重要性、自主性、回饋性皆有顯著差異；教育程度部分，不同教育程度之就業服務員於工作特性的工作重要性有顯著差異；擔任職務部分，本研究發現不同職務之就業服務員於工作滿意度有顯著差異。另外，技能多樣性正向顯著影響工作特性；工作重要性正向顯著影響工作特性；自主性正向顯著影響工作特性；回饋性正向顯著影響工作特性，工作特性正向顯著影響工作滿意度，而工作完整性未顯著影響工作特性。

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in job characteristics and job satisfaction of employment service staffs with different backgrounds in career hunting service institutions, as well as the impact of work characteristics on job satisfaction, and try to discover the reasons for the job characteristics to prevent or deal with the impact of job characteristics. The resulting impact can be used as a reference for work design. In this study, questionnaire survey was used to understand the sample characteristics with descriptive statistics, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesis. The questionnaire distribution period for this study is from November 9 to December 9, 2020, and there are 67 valid questionnaires. The study shows that there are no significant differences between genders in the sub-facets of job characteristics and job satisfaction; there were significant differences in the task significance of employment service staffs of different ages; in terms of seniority, the employment service staffs had four sub-facets of job characteristics, including skill variety, task significance, autonomy, and feedback; in the part of education level, the job importance of job characteristics of employment service providers with different education levels. There is a significant difference; as for the position, this study found that there are significant differences in the job satisfaction of the employment service staff of different positions. In addition, skill variety has a positive and significant impact on job characteristics; job importance has a positive and significant impact on job characteristics; autonomy has a positive and significant impact on job characteristics; feedback has a positive and significant impact on job characteristics, job characteristics positively and significantly affect job satisfaction but task identity has no significant impact on job characteristics.