廢車拆解之環境衝擊與碳足跡分析

Scrap Car Dismantling Process on Environmental Impact and Carbon Footprint

本研究為了解廢棄車輛於現場拆解階段所造成之環境衝擊影響與碳足跡，乃針對目前國內廢車拆解廠的現行拆解作業流程進行實地盤查，收集拆解過程所需耗用的能資源，並利用Simapro 8.1中之「ECO-Indicator 95」方法，來進行環境衝擊影響評估，另亦透過Simapro 8.1中之「IPCC 2001 GWP 100a」來進行碳足跡分析。又因現行廢車拆解作業（傳統拆解）所得之最終廢車空車殼進入粉碎場後，會產生大量廢車粉碎殘餘物（Auto Shredder Residue，ASR），故本研究規劃於前端廢車拆解廠進行精細拆解作業（包括人工精細拆解與怪手精細拆解），以將廢車中非金屬物質予以先行拆除，來降低後端粉碎廠之ASR產生量。本研究之環境衝擊評估結果顯示：廢車傳統拆解、人工精細拆解與怪手精細拆解之統一化環境衝擊值依序分別為17.849 mPt、17.932 mPt、35.438 mPt，另碳足跡分析結果顯示：傳統拆解、人工精細拆解與怪手精細拆解之碳排放量依序分別為4.87 kg CO2 eq、5.26 kg CO2 eq、9.63 kg CO2 eq。

In order to understand the environmental impact and carbon footprint caused by the on-site dismantling of abandoned vehicles, this research analyzes the current dismantling process of domestic scrap vehicle dismantling plants and the accumulated energy consumed in the dismantling process. This is done with the application of“ECO-Indicator 95”method in Simapro 8.1 to conduct environmental impact assessment, while the“IPCC 2001 GWP 100a”in Simapro 8.1 is used to conduct carbon footprint analysis. Apart from the carbon footprint analysis, the large amount of scrap car crushing residue（Auto Shredder Residue, ASR）produced from the current scrap car dismantling operation（traditional dismantling）at the crushing yard is also addressed. Therefore, this research is to focus on the front-end scrap car. More to the point, the dismantling plant conducts fine dismantling operations include manual fine dismantling and mechanical fine dismantling to initially remove the non-metallic substances in scrap cars so as to reduce ASR at the back-end crushing plant. The environmental impact assessment results of this study show that the unified environmental impact values of the traditional dismantling of scrap cars, manual fine dismantling, and mechanical fine dismantling are 17.849 mPt, 17.932 mPt, and 35.438 mPt, respectively. The carbon footprint analysis results show that : The carbon emissions of traditional dismantling, manual fine dismantling and mechanical fine dismantling are 4.87 kg CO2 eq, 5.26 kg CO2 eq, 9.63 kg CO2 eq, respectively.