〈記洞過水〉非段玉裁所作辨

Ji Dongguo Shui was not Written by Duan Yucai

戴震《戴東原集》卷六、段玉裁《經韻樓集》卷七並有〈記洞過水〉一文，二者文字並同。其文究為戴氏所作，抑或段玉裁撰？學者所見不一。近年安徽大學楊應芹教授先後數文，力主此文作者當為段玉裁，並稱北京大學圖書館藏有段氏此文底稿。大陸晚近出版之《戴震全書》，竟將〈記洞過水〉一篇從《東原文集》中剔出，一若此文之非戴作業經判明矣。同時另有戴震研究會暨戴震紀念館所身為《戴震全集》，其書冊六亦以此文為段氏所作。此二書乃大陸近年彙編、整理戴氏著作最新之研究成果，今二書俱以〈記洞過水〉一文為段氏所作，楊君之說儼然已成定論矣。惟余按其說，不免觸處抵啎，要難憑信。本文之考證，認為該文作者當為龔導江。戴氏喜其文寓意雋永，故為增入考覈諸語，其文乃大異舊觀，故段氏梓刻《戴東原集》時，因將之收入戴集。至段集亦有其文者，則段氏身後其家編次遺集時誤收也。

The article Ji Dongguo shui was published with the same content both in volume 6 of Dai Zhen's Dai Dongyuan Ji and volume 7 of Duan Yucai's Jinyunlou Ji. Scholars have held different opinions about who the actual author of this article was. Recently, Professor Yang Yinqin of Anhui University published a series of articles arguing strongly for Duan Yucai as the author, declaring that the library of Bejing University has Duan Yucai's manuscript of this article. Ji Dongguo shui has even been omitted from Dai Dongyuan Ji, lately published in Mainland China, because the editor/publisher presumes that unarguably this article was written by Duan Yucai. At the same time, the compilers of Dai Zhen Quanji (The Collected Works of Dai Zhen), Dai Zhen Yanjiuhui and Dai Zhen Memorial Hall, also express the same opinion in volume 6 of the new compilation. These two compilations are the most recent publications of Dai Zhen's collected works in Mainland China. They seem to regard Yang's finding as final. My study, however, shows that there are too many pieces of evidence contradicting Yang's contention. This paper argues that the actual author of Ji Dongguo shui is Gong Daojiang. Fascinated by Gong's work, Dai Dongyuan edited it and added some comments, making it quite different from its original version, and causing Duan Yucai to include it in his Dai Dongyuan Ji. It was then included in Duan Yucai's works, compiled by his descendants who mistakenly thought it was his writing. The appearance of this article in Duan Yucai's Jinyunlou Ji was therefore a mistake by Duan's offspring when compiling his collected works.