古蹟橋梁目視檢測系統初探

Preliminary Study of a Visual Inspection System for Historic Bridges

本研究主要從文化部文化資產局「國家文化資產網」挑選27座古蹟橋梁，依據橋梁傳力機制、構造及材料進行分類，提出27座古蹟橋梁具備文化特色之檢測位置，需進行特殊檢測項目及檢測重點表格，以及提出完整古蹟橋梁目視檢測作業流程，再依據DER&U目視檢測方法進行目視檢測評估，共填寫27座古蹟橋梁目視檢測表格，並計算出CI及PI分數。依據分析結果統計不同類型橋梁中，各構件劣化程度嚴重者占全部同分類橋梁的百分比，以判別不同橋梁型式較容易出現劣化之構件類型。本研究嘗試於現地使用古蹟橋梁目視檢測系統，其架構採用基於網路應用（web-based）的架構進行開發，現地目視檢測作業時，可透過手機或平板連接系統，填寫各項檢測資料並進行評分工作，可即時上傳照片回傳至雲端資料庫。目前研究成果尚未對有文化資產價值之構件定義權重或質化標準，建議未來可持續深入研究古蹟橋梁各項課題，提升古蹟橋梁維護管理效率，提供國內古蹟橋梁研究或管理人員參考之用。

In this study, we examined 27 historic bridges selected from the Website of National Cultural Heritage of the Bureau of Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Culture. The bridges were classified according to their force transmission mechanisms, structures, and materials. Through the identification of inspection positions that can reveal the cultural value of the 27 historic bridges, a special inspection checklist and a comprehensive visual inspection procedure were developed. The procedure was assessed using the Degree, Extent, Relevancy, and Urgency (DER&U) evaluation criteria. Subsequently, we used the checklist to evaluate the 27 historic bridges and calculated their condition index and priority index scores. On the basis of the analysis results, the deterioration of each component of each bridge was measured, and the results were compared with those of other bridges in the same classification. This was performed to identify the component types that were more susceptible to degradation for each bridge type. Furthermore, we constructed a web-based visual inspection system for historic bridges. This system can be accessed through mobile phones or tablets during an on-site visual inspection, enabling users to input inspection data, perform evaluations, and promptly upload photos to a cloud-based database. Currently, no study has defined the weights or qualitative standards for bridge components with cultural value. Thus, future studies should investigate topics pertaining to historic bridges to effectively enhance the maintenance and management efficiency of historic bridges and generate references for Taiwan’s historic bridge researchers and managers.