運用肌力訓練提升機構老人日常生活功能

Improvement of Activities of Daily Living through Muscle Strengthening Program among Institutionalized Elderly

依內政部資料顯示，我國於2018年3月底已正式進入高齡社會。因老化產生的身體功能衰退，影響老人在日常生活功能的表現。衛生福利部於2017年7月起以社區老人為對象推動「預防及延緩失能照護計畫」，該計畫排除機構老人，然而機構老人之失能衰弱情況不亞於社區老人，故以機構住民為中心進行專案改善。臨床訪視發現機構老人上肢肌力僅達3.1分，透過與物理治療師跨團隊合作，訂定機構老人體適能活動時間及教案計畫「個人手部肌力訓練：完美收伏神奇寶貝」，拍攝「暖身運動、健康十巧手」影片，舉辦體適能活動教育課程，訓練機構照顧服務員協助執行，於機構實行為期12週共60天的體適能活動，運用課程記錄表登錄執行情形及出席率，有效提升機構老人手部握力、手部肌力及日常生活功能且達統計差異。本專案實施成效良好，已平行展開至其他機構，建議居家護理師在訪視時可主動評估個案程度，透過跨專業團隊合作設計合宜體適能訓練，期盼藉由早期之體能訓練，維持及增進失能長者之健康與生活品質。

Based on the data from Ministry of Interior, Taiwan has become an aged society in March 2018. Elderly were more impaired in activity of daily living due to decline in physical function when aged. Previous survey revealed upper extremities strength among institutionalized elderly was as low as 3.1. The Disability Prevention Program launched by Ministry of Health and Welfare in July 2017 which focused on community dwelling elderly had motivated this study to highlight on improving functional ability of upper extremities among institutionalized elderly. This program was a transdisciplinary collaboration with physical therapists who designed physical fitness exercises, demonstrated then through videos then executed in the institution by the caregivers. The program in the institution was conducted for 12 weeks while the attendance was documented. The program was well responded by the participants, which was further parallelly implemented to other institutions. Through early intervention regarding physical fitness by transdisciplinary integrated team, the health and quality of life among elder disabled elders may be maintained or enhanced.