傅斯年、胡適與居延漢簡的運美及返台

Fu Ssu-nien and Hu Shih's Roles in the Shipment of Chü-yen Wooden Strips to the United States and their Return to Taiwan

本文根據傅斯年檔案、史語所、近史所所藏檔案以及若干當事人提供之資料，記述一九三○年代所發現之居延漢簡從香港運到美國，以及其後運回台灣的經過。依據資料，可以清楚證明居延漢簡當初自北京到香港，再從香港到美國，是為避免戰禍，保存文物。民國29年8月4日居延漢簡自港運美，完全由傅斯年主導，胡適負責在美之保存。依據美國國會圖書館開給胡適之收據，可證明居延漢簡存放於美國，並非如流言所說，作為中國政府向美貸款之抵押。本文也根據押運漢簡回台當事人的口述及提供的資料，略述漢簡在美保存及於民國五十四年運回南港中央研究院歷史語言研究所的過程。時值傅斯年先生百年誕辰，特撰此文，以彰先生保存文物之功。

This paper is based on the Fu Ssu-nien archives, on archives held at the Institute of History and Philology, and on certain materials provided by contemporaries. It discusses how Chü-yen wooden strips discovered in the 1930s were sent from Hong Kong to the United States, and later to Taiwan. These materials clearly demonstrate that at the time, the Chü-yen wooden strips were shipped from Peking to Hong Kong, and then from Hong Kong to the United States, in order to save them from the ravages of war and to preserve them. On August 4, 1940, the Chü-yen wooden strips were sent from Hong Kong to the United States by Fu Ssu-nien, with Hu Shih taking responsibility for their safety in the United States. A receipt given to Hu Shih by the Library of Congress clearly indicates that the Chü-yen wooden strips were stored in the United States, and refutes the popularly held belief that they were given to the United States as collateral. Based on the testimony of and materials provided by an individual who supervised the transportation of the Chü-yen wooden strips to Taiwan, this article also relates how these wooden strips were stored in the United States and transported to the Institute of History and Philology in Nankang, Taiwan in 1965. This year being the hundredth anniversary of Fu Ssu-nien 's birth, this article has been specially written to commemorate his contribution to the preservation of cultural artifacts.