訴前羈押實證研究報告——基於兩個基層檢察院2017~2021年起訴書和不起訴決定書的統計分析

The Research Report on Pre-Indictment Detentions: A Statistical Analysis Based on Indictments and Non-Prosecution Decisions of Two Primary Procuratorates During 2017~2021

訴前羈押在我國刑事訴訟中具有極其重要的意義。基於我國東、西部地區兩個基層檢察院2017~2021年起訴書和不起訴決定書的統計分析發現，羈押類強制措施的適用率整體上呈現下降趨勢，尤其逮捕適用率呈現穩定、持續下降態勢。訴前羈押措施的適用，無論是刑事拘留、捕後偵查羈押還是審查起訴階段的羈押，均存在巨大的地區差異，並且總體上存在羈押率高、羈押期限過長、在押犯罪嫌疑人律師辯護率過低、違法羈押具有一定的普遍性四大問題。在現行制度下，檢察機關應當積極協調其他政法機關，繼續貫徹少捕慎訴慎押刑事司法政策，在適用刑事拘留、逮捕措施過程中嚴格遵守法治原則、比例原則和權利保障原則，力爭把訴前羈押率降到合理的最低限度，把訴前羈押期限壓縮至最短。

It is of great significance to be detained in this country’s criminal proceedings. Based on the statistics of the indictments and non-prosecution decisions from two primary procuratorates in the eastern and the western China respectively during 2107 ~ 2021, the application rates of pre-indictment detentions showed a downward trend as a whole, especially detentions approved by the prosecution. However, the application of pre-indictment detentions, whether it is police detention, investigative detention approved by the prosecution, or the detention continued during the review of prosecution process, demonstrates huge regional differences. Besides that, There are four major problems overall, namely, the high rate of detention, too long detention period, low rate of defense lawyer’s participation and certain universality of illegal detentions. Under the current system, the procuratorial organs should actively coordinate the police departments and courts to implement the criminal justice policy of“less arrest, more prudent prosecution, more cautious detention”, strictly abide by the principles of the rule of law, proportionality, and rights protection in the process of applying police detention and the detention approved by the prosecution, and strive to confine the pre-indictment detention rate to a reasonable minimum, reduce the pre-indictment detention period to the shortest.