技職教育視角下探討設計基礎素養的培育

Exploring the Cultivation of Basic Design Literacy From the Perspective of Technological and Vocational Education

在新課綱的推行下，大學端為了有效因應新的教學體制的轉變，進行相關素養導向教學的規劃設計與翻轉教學課程，尤其在面對未來教育形式將以更多元的面貌呈現時，學生的學科素養能力就變得更加重要。因此，本研究主要試圖從技職教育角度，針對設計基礎素養能力的培育進行探討，結合文獻分析與焦點團體訪談作為研究方法與資料蒐集。受測者為六位教授設計基礎素養課程的雲科大設計學院教師。藉由了解與蒐集受訪教師的教學觀察與反饋，將文本資料透過編輯式分析獲取設計基礎素養的培育的三個重要環節，包括課程規劃設計、學生特質與表現以及教學心得與精進。而透過三個環節與從屬關聯性，加上訪談資料的分析歸納後，設計基礎素養培育大抵有五個面向的教學策略以供參考，包括：一、專題式框架下的彈性課程學習模組。二、以講少做多為基礎結合正向引導。三、引入具有同儕學伴的互助學習網絡。四、協同外部資源的創意設計實踐。五、深化設計評價的養成和應用。本研究成果除了可作為國內設計科系在進行設計基礎素養培育上的教學策略推廣外，亦可提供給設計教育學者專家在未來持續探討設計素養的重要研究參考。

Under the implementation of the New Curriculum in the National 12-Year Basic Education, universities are proactively planning and designing literacy-oriented and flipped teaching courses to effectively adapt to the new teaching system. As educational forms become increasingly diverse, the development of students’subject literacy skills becomes especially crucial. Therefore, this study aims to explore the cultivation of basic design literacy from the perspective of technical and vocal education. This study utilized literature analysis and focus group interviews as research methods to collect data. The subjects were six teachers who teach basic design literacy courses at the College of Design, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology. Through the analysis of teaching observations and feedback from the interviewed teachers, three key factors in cultivating basic design literacy are identified: course planning and design, student characteristics and performance, and teaching experience and refinement. After analyzing and summarizing these factors, as well as the interview data, five teaching-oriented strategies for cultivating basic design literacy are proposed: (1) adopting flexible learning modules within a thematic framework; (2) emphasizing action-based learning and integrating positive guidance; (3) fostering a peer learning network; (4) promoting collaborative creative design practices with external resources; and (5) deepening the cultivation and application of design assessment. The findings of this study serve as practical teaching strategies for promoting basic design literacy cultivation in design departments in Taiwan. This study also provides valuable research references for design education scholars and experts to further explore design literacy in the future.