論嚴元照《爾雅匡名》校勘之方法

Analysis of Yan Yuanzhao's Correction Method

嚴元照（1773－1817）為清代乾嘉時期著名學者，精於研究《爾雅》、《說文》。本文以《爾雅匡名》校勘《爾雅》之術語「當作某」為研究範圍，計有310條，據此考察嚴氏對於校勘材料之去取及論證過程，試圖更深入探析《爾雅匡名》校勘《爾雅》之方法。全文從「以《說文》校勘《爾雅》之方法」、「以漢儒訓詁校勘之方法」、「對於唐代資料之運用」三點，析論嚴氏《爾雅匡名》之校勘方法。《爾雅匡名》主旨是以《說文》校正《爾雅》，對於《說文》有深入研究，能嫻熟地運用《說文》校勘《爾雅》。筆者從「以《說文》本字本義校勘」、「以《說文》體例校勘」兩點，探討《爾雅匡名》以《說文》校勘《爾雅》之方法。其次，《爾雅匡名》雖大量以《說文》正《爾雅》文字，對於漢儒訓詁亦有所取證，如毛《傳》、鄭《箋》之訓詁資料，亦甚為重視。再次，嚴氏大量引用《釋文》以為資證，但是對於《釋文》所引《說文》評價頗低，常直指其誤，而《釋文》所引《說文》，有為俗字竄入之情況。

Yan Yuanzhao (1773-1817) was a famous scholar in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. He was good at studying Erya and Shuowen. This paper examines Yan's process of decimation and demonstration of collation materials, and attempts to further explore the method of ''anonymous'' collation ''Erya''. The full text analyzes the method of collation of Yan's ''Anonymous'' from three points: ''Methods for arranging ''Erya'' in ''Shuowen'', ''Methods for Collation of Chinese Confucianism'', and ''Use of Data in the Tang Dynasty''. The title of ''Anonymous'' is self-explanatory. It is based on ''Shuowen'' to correct ''Erya''. For the ''Shuowen'', there is an in-depth study, so it is possible to use ''Shuowen'' to collate ''Erya''. The author explores the method of ''anonymous'' from ''Shuowen'' to ''Erya'' by study on the meaning of the original text of ''Shuowen'' and with the collation of the ''Shuowen''.