基於空間句法和景觀格局的城市綠地碎片化與城市化分析

Analysis of Urban Green Space Fragmentation and Urbanization Based on Space Syntax and Landscape Pattern

城市綠地為城市居民提供了無數的生態系統服務。在城市化過程中，缺少合理的綠地規劃以及人為的破壞和佔用，造成了城市綠地的高度碎片化。本研究以大陸福州市為例，從空間和時間的觀點，在更廣泛的背景下對城市化過程與城市綠地碎片化之間的關係進行探討。首先，利用空間句法理論，提取道路資料，並計算出2000、2010及2021年福州市中心區域的整合度；其次，對城市綠地進行景觀格局分析，並藉由相關的景觀指數對城市綠地碎片化程度進行量化；最後應用地理加權回歸模型來評估城市化對城市綠地碎片化的影響。研究結果顯示，城市化最初主要發生在福州西邊，而南邊邊緣地區的城市化發生在2010年之後。福州市中心綠地面積的減少，以及越來越多的碎片化和複雜的空間格局，預示著福州市區快速城市化和規劃政策的相關問題。整體而言，本研究有助於瞭解城市化對城市綠地碎片化的影響，並從促進永續發展的角度為城市綠地規劃提供可供參考的借鏡。

Urban green spaces provide countless ecosystem services for city inhabitants. In the process of urbanization, the lack of reasonable green space planning, man-made destruction and occupation have resulted in the high fragmentation of urban green space. Taking Fuzhou, the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian province, China, as an example, this study explores the relationship between urbanization and urban green space fragmentation in a broader context from the perspective of space and time. Firstly, the integration degrees of Fuzhou central area in 2000, 2010 and 2021 are calculated by applying the theory of space syntax to extract road data. Secondly, the landscape pattern of urban green space is analyzed, and the relevant landscape index is extracted to quantify the fragmentation degree of urban green space. Finally, this studyemploys a geographically weighted regression model to evaluate the impact of urbanization on urban green space fragmentation. The results show that the urbanization initially occurred in the west of Fuzhou, while the urbanization in the southern edge area occurred after 2010.The decrease of green space area, more and more fragmentation and complex spatial pattern in Fuzhou city center indicate the problems related to rapid urbanization and planning policy in the center area of Fuzhou city. In conclusion, this study helps to understand the impact of urbanization on fragmentation of urban green space and provides insights for urban green space planning from the perspective of promoting sustainable development.