國際投資仲裁中的“法官知法”

Jura Novit Curia in International Investment Arbitration

在國際投資仲裁中不同的法律文化或訴訟實踐對“法官知法”會産生微妙的影響。在不同的具體情境下“法官知法”原則應當基於不同的法理基礎予以適用。對於“法官知法”中“法”的類別予以簡單界定並不具有合理性。原則上，當事方應當主張並證明其依賴的法律，同時並不排斥“法官知法”的補充作用。“法官知法”的適用是仲裁庭的權力，而非義務。仲裁庭行使這一權力總體而言應當持謹慎態度，只有在具有充分的正當理由時才適合行使。在適用“法官知法”原則時仲裁庭尋求當事方的意見是適當的，且在特定情况下必須如此以避免違反正當程序。關於“法官知法”的正確理解和適用，對於我國政府與海外投資企業有效參與國際投資仲裁具有重要意義。

In international investment arbitration, different legal cultures or litigation practices may have a subtle impact on Jura Novit Curia. In applying the principle of Jura Novit Curia, tribunals should base on different jurisprudential basis in specific cases. To define the categories of the 'law' in Jura Novit Curia simply is unreasonable. The parties should put forward and prove the law which they rely on, while that does not exclude Jura Novit Curia. The application of Jura Novit Curia is the power, not the obligation of the arbitral tribunals. The tribunals should take a conservative position in exercising the power, and it is only appropriate to exercise it when there are good reasons. In applying the principle, it is appropriate for the arbitral tribunal to seek the views of the parties, and even imperative in specific circumstances to avoid violation of due process. The proper understanding and application of Jura Novit Curia are of great significance to the effective participation of Chinese government and overseas enterprises in international investment arbitration.