歐盟投資仲裁上訴審查範圍提案與中國因應

EU's Proposal of the Scope of Investment Arbitration Appeal Review and China's Response

上訴審查範圍條款是當前投資仲裁機制改革的關鍵內容之一。歐盟在借鑒WTO上訴機制和ICSID撤銷機制基礎上，以上訴審查標準建構上訴審查範圍，提出國際投資仲裁上訴審查範圍應當包括“法律審”“有限事實審（包括對國內法認定）”以及“《ICSID公約》第52條”。歐盟方案創新地以正確性和合理性作為審查標準，並以此設計上訴審查範圍，但仍存在“事實認定明顯錯誤”規範不清晰、“仲裁庭明顯越權”適用範圍不明確等侷限。因此，中國應當謹慎對待和審慎評估歐盟提案中的上訴審查範圍條款，儘早形成符合中國利益的中國方案。

The appeal review scope clause is one of the key contents of the current investment arbitration mechanism reform. Based on the WTO's Appeal mechanism and the ICSID Annulment mechanism, the EU constructs the scope of appeal review based on the standard of appeal review. It proposes that the scope of appeal review in international investment arbitration should include 'legal review', 'partial fact review (including appreciation of relevant domestic law)' and ' Article 52 of the ICS!D Convention' . The proposal of EU innovatively uses correctness and rationality as the review criteria to design the scope of appeal review, but it still has limitations such as unclear regulations on 'manifest errors in the appreciation of the facts' and unclear application scope of 'manifest excess of powers'. Therefore, China should treat and prudently evaluate the scope of appellate review clause in the EU's proposal, and formulate a Chinese plan that conforms to China's interests as soon as possible .