探究親師互動的有效途徑之行動研究

Action Research on Enhancing Effective Teacher-parent Interaction Approaches

教師透過主動溝通，促進家長參與，結合自我反省，提升親師互動。本研究採取行動研究，以一所國小高年級某班為研究場域，以四個月為研究期程。藉由導師帶領全班十位學生之家長，透過主動溝通、尊重家長參與，結合自我省思，促進親師互動，為本研究目的，期作為教師在班級經營之參考。研究結果顯示：一、教師透過主動溝通方式如下：（一）透過聯絡簿有利親師互動，彼此交流每日訊息；（二）搭配電話聯繫，有助於親師互動之機動、有效性；（三）結合FB 利於溝通，保持適當距離，易於客觀處事；（四）採用當面溝通，感受家長意向，適度給予建議。二、教師尊重家長參與方式在於：（一）藉由班親會議，著重課業給予各自回饋；（二）透過校慶展演當面互動，感受家長心意；（三）結合親職講座，家長回饋熱絡，但出席率尚待加強。三、教師進行自我省思方式臚列：（一）藉由主動溝通，促進友善互動，親師關係良窳，在於日常累積；（二）面對爭議事件，先行思考對策，給予家長交代，時間換取空間；（三）透過班親會議，瞭解家長思維，注重功課成績，著重基本學力；（四）藉由校慶盛事，展現學校績效，過程關注所在，始終聚焦孩子；（五）配合親職講座，提升親職教養，採用正向獎賞，鼓勵家長出席。研究建議說明：一、透過主動溝通應因地制宜，依據家長態度，選擇互利方式；二、尊重家長參與，鼓勵家長出席，以學生為主體的展演，家長出席率較高；三、透過自我省思增益視野，對於親師互動結果不亢不卑。

This research aimed to promote teacher-parent interaction through active communication and parents’ involvement. Using a group of fifth and sixth graders in an elementary school, this action research last four months. Within the research period, the homeroom teacher proactively interacted with, respected 10 parents’ involvement, and reflected on his approaches. The aim of the research was to provide insights for classroom management. The research findings are as follows: I Teachers take initiative to communicate through the following ways: 1. Communication books benefited daily parent-teacher communication, and information exchange. 2. Phone communication provided flexibility and efficiency. 3. Facebook messaging allowed for distance and objectivity. 4. Face-toface communication helped to understand parents’ intentions, and offering suggestions was accessible. II Ways for teachers to show respect for parents’ involvement are as follows. 1. With a strong focus on school work during Parent Teacher Day, the teacher and parents could have positively interacted with each other and offered feedback in return. 2. Through involvement in school anniversary activities, a better understanding between the teacher and parents was achieved. 3. Although the turnout was low in parenting education lectures, parents showed enthusiastic interaction. III Teachers reflect on teaching practice through the following ways. 1. Positive teacherparent relationship requires accumulative efforts in proactive and friendly communication. 2. When faced with conflicts, the teacher should come up with a strategy to handle the controversy before responding to the parents. 3. Parent Teacher Day should focus on students’ academic progress, and understanding parents. 4. School anniversary activities can demonstrate school merits; however, students should be the focal point. 5. Parent education can enhance parenting; positive reinforcement can contribute to high turnout. Three implications arose from the findings. 1. Teachers should take the initiative to communicate with parents. However, teachers should suit their measures to parents’ character and attitude, and choose a suitable way to communicate. 2. Teachers should respect parents’ involvement, and encourage those parents who do not attend performances to participate. 3. Teachers should constantly reflect on their teaching, broaden their horizons, and engage in mutually beneficial communication. Bearing Teachers should be neither servile nor overbearing towards the results. Remaining composed and positive is essential when teachers cooperate with parents. In terms of the results of the cooperation, teachers should be neither servile nor overbearing.