六○年代台灣的文學上帝／耶穌──以漆木朵《耶穌之繭》的四福音書新編為例

Literature God/Jesus of Taiwan in the 1960s: Using“The Cocoons of Jesus”New Edition of Four Gospels of Qi Mu Duo as an Example

六○年代以降，陳映真、七等生等作家均曾新編耶穌故事，不過，較少獲得研討的是孟祥森（1937-2009，河北）早期以漆木朵為筆名發表的《耶穌之繭》（1967）。耶穌的生平與傳奇事蹟在四福音書有較為完整的鋪陳，漆木朵的新編改寫主要從四福音書出發，側重重寫上帝如何安排耶穌降生以前，與其生平經歷到赴死升天的過程。孟祥森出身天主教家庭與哲學系，就其譯作類型不難察覺他深受存在主義影響。不過，筆者除了探討《耶穌之繭》如何重新詮釋四福音書內涵，也擬將該書置於其生命脈絡，觀察他這部嘲諷上帝權威的作品思想，與後來雜文中對生命、自然萬物的關照有哪些延續與變化，並試圖分析其如何叩應社會環境的氛圍。

Since the 1960s, writers such as Yingzhen Chen and Wu-Hsiung Liu have written new versions of the story of Jesus. However, Hsiang-Sen Meng (1937~2009, Hebei) is one author whose works has received less scholarly attention. Earlier on, using Qi Mu Duo as a pen name, he published The Cocoons of Jesus (1967). The life and legacy of Jesus is more fully laid out in the four Gospels. Qi Mu Duo’s re-write was based on these chapters, and describes God’s ordinance before his son’s birth, Jesus’life experiences, and his resurrection. Hsiang-Sen Meng was born into a Catholic family and had academic training in philosophy. As such, it is clear that his translations were significantly influenced by existentialism. However, in addition to exploring how The Cocoons of Jesus reinterprets the Four Gospels, this essay also situates the book within the context of his life. It observes how the ideas in his work–which mock the authority of God–evolve and change the care of lives and all beings in his later works of prose, and analyzes how the writer responded to the climate of the times.