癌症患者使用音樂療法減輕焦慮的效果

Effectiveness of Music Therapy in Reducing Anxiety of Cancer Patients

面對腫瘤診斷及相關治療皆會帶給患者措手不及的打擊，多數病患會因為疾病進展及症狀困擾產生負面情緒。臨床上以五個階段解釋其負面過程：驚嚇、否認、沮喪、接受、正向面對，但並非每個病患皆會依照順序或全盤呈現其過程，但可知的是嚴重者會造成病患的身心健康和生活質量改變，增加焦慮或抑鬱機率。近年來，多種非藥物治療證實在腫瘤治療患者其身心方面皆能發揮重要作用，如：瑜珈、冥想、壓力管理、音樂治療等。其中音樂治療為最便利、安全、且操作簡單；以音樂做為媒介，通過節奏和音調來減緩患者的身心障礙，能有效降低血壓和血漿皮質醇水平，對焦慮、抑鬱等症狀有顯著的效果，亦可促進放鬆、緩解疼痛及身體不適、改善疲勞症狀。本文將藉由文獻探討了解音樂療法的介入是否能有效緩解癌症病患之焦慮。

Cancer patients suffered from negative emotions and symptomatic distress while facing diagnosis and related treatment. Clinically, there are 5 stages in grief process: denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Cancer patients may not go through these stages. They may undergo changes from physical, psychological and life quality aspects, resulting in anxiety and depression. Recently, various non-pharmacological treatments are proved to be functional in physical and psychological aspects of cancer patients, such as yoga, meditation, stress management and music therapy, etc. Among them, music therapy is the most convenient, sage and easy-to-operate one. Musical rhythm and notes can effectively improve the physical and mental problems of patients, reduce blood pressure and plasma cortisol level, relieve physical pain, discomfort and fatigue. This article aims to explore the effectiveness of music therapy to reduce the anxiety of cancer patients through literature reviews.