廢棄漁港閒置空間再利用之利益相關者觀點分析──以屏東縣小琉球鄉之舊大福漁港為例

Analysis of Stakeholder Perspectives of Reuse for Unused Space in Discarded Fishing ports: Take the Old Dafu Fishing Port in Liuqiu Island for Example

隨著傳統漁業活動的衰退，臺灣政府實施漁船限建及汰建制度，漁船數減少讓漁港需求性降低，已出現許多無船停泊的閒置或廢棄漁港。現在已有62處二類漁港被列為低度利用漁港，待釋出轉型（恢復自然海岸）、維持漁業使用，且已公告不予補助在案。未來可預見閒置或廢棄漁港的數量逐漸增加，未獲妥善處理的閒置或廢棄漁港亦可能引發治安與衛生問題，嚴重影響週遭環境。本研究以「廢棄漁港閒置空間再利用」為主題，針對已廢止之屏東縣小琉球鄉的舊大福漁港，進行閒置空間再利用之利用方式與維護管理的探討，針對漁港管理者、當地漁民、海洋休閒業者等3群組，進行利益相關者群組的觀點分析，以幾何平均數、層級分析法（AHP）、深入訪談等研究方法量化各群組對重視因子的偏好權重值。結果得知，漁港管理者與海洋休閒業者2群組認為最重要觀點層面為地區發展定位（D），而漁民群組認為最重要觀點層面為增強維護管理（A）。3群組具有共識的重要因子為資源保育（D1）與魚苗中間育成場（C5）。廢止漁港閒置空間的利用需因地制宜並配合當地需求，本研究成果有助於探討閒置或廢棄漁港再利用的依據，找出利益相關者的共識因子，讓策略制定更具合理化。

With the decline of traditional fishing activities, the Taiwan government has implemented a fishing boat restriction and elimination system, because the decrease in the number of fishing boats has reduced the demand for fishing ports, there have been many idle or discarded fishing ports with no ships berthed. There are 62 Type II fishing ports have been regarded as low-use-rate fishing ports pending to be canceled and transformed (to be restored back to natural coasts) in order to continue to be used for fishing and will no longer be subsidized. In the future, the number of idle or discarded fishing ports is expected to increase gradually. Improper management of idle or discarded fishing ports may cause public security and health problems, seriously affecting the surrounding environment. This study focused on the“reuse for unused space in discarded fishing ports”, explored the maintenance and management, and usage of old Dafu fishing port in Liuqiu Island. A differential analysis was conducted on the perspectives of fishing port managers, local fishermen, operators of the local marine leisure industry. By geometric mean, AHP, and in-depth interviews, this study quantified the weights of different groups in order to recognize importance. The results showed that fishing port managers and local marine leisure industry considered“the orientation of regional development (D)”the most important dimension, but local fishermen considered“strengthening maintenance management (A)”the most important dimension. 3 stakeholder groups reached a consensus that the important factors were use them for“resource conservation (D1)”and“intermediate rearing of marine organisms (C5)”. Reuse for unused space in discarded fishing ports should be revitalized according to local needs and circumstances. The results are helpful to explore the reference basis for the reuse of idle or disused fishing ports, find the consensus factors of stakeholders, and make the strategy formulation more rational.