後疫情時期博物館策展人員資訊素養影響展覽數位化之成效

The Impact of Museum Curators' Information Literacy on the Effectiveness of Exhibition Digitization in the Post-Pandemic Era

隨著21世紀以來，科技的快速發展，博物館也被捲入數位化浪潮之中，博物館積極推動數位化展示，方便大眾透過網路查詢及瀏覽內容；藏品數位化除了便於管理外，更可不受時空限制的展示，對於文化、教育及經濟等方面的影響甚大。因2020年全球大爆發Covid-19新型冠狀病毒感染，臺灣更於隔年警戒升級，緊急採取社交距離措施、關閉學校、教育學習場所及展演場所等防疫措施，對於提供實體展覽及活動的博物館來說造成非常大的衝擊。在這後疫情時代，如何將危機轉變為轉機，成為全球博物館需優先思考的問題。然而，在各博物館皆聚焦於提升數位科技應用之時，博物館策展人員的資訊素養實為推動數位化的關鍵因素。本研究以公立博物館的策展人員為對象進行深度訪談，採集資料後以紮根理論方法進行資料的歸納及編譯。企圖挖掘出有哪些資訊素養是影響博物館策展人員執行展覽數位化的重要因素。研究結果歸納出1.博物館的科技行為可能受該館策展人員的資訊素養能力影響，且為互動關係；2.後疫情時期策展人員資訊素養之需求是來自於進行博物館科技行為高低，且為互相影響；3.後疫情時期博物館科技行為參與程度來自於內外部環境支持度及4.博物館需加強策展人員的資訊素養以滿足後疫情時期因應科技行為所需之資訊素養。

The rapid development of digital technologies in the 21st century has promoted changes in human life and the pattern of the social economy. Museums have also been involved in the digital wave during the past two decades. Museums around the world are actively promoting digital exhibitions, making it easier for the public to search for and browse content over the Internet. In response to the 2020 COVID-19 outbreak, Taiwan upgraded its alert level the following year, adopting measures to minimize potential public exposure to the virus. These epidemic prevention measures have greatly impacted museums offering physical exhibitions and activities. Turning such a crisis into an opportunity has become a priority for world museums in the post-pandemic era. However, while museums are focusing on adopting digital technologies, the key factor in promoting digitalization amounts to the information literacy of museum staff. This study conducted in-depth interviews with practitioners of public museums, using grounded theory to summarize and compile data collected from the interviews. The study attempts to determine the key information literacy skills that prevent museum staff from performing digital exhibitions. The results of the study concluded that 1. the technological behavior of museums may be influenced by the information literacy of its staff and is interactive; 2. the demand for information literacy of museum staff in the post-epidemic period comes from the level of technological behavior of the museums and mutually influences the other; 3. the degree of participation in technological behavior in museums post-pandemic is based on the level of internal and external environmental support, and 4. museums need to strengthen the information literacy of its staff to meet the information literacy required for technological behavior in the post-pandemic period.