剝奪犯罪工具之數位轉型──域名之沒收與扣押

The Digital Transformation of Justice  Domain Name Seizure and Forfeiture

域名在ICANN之全球網路治理架構下，依其本質特性及核心內涵，應可以適當定性為：習慣所創設之無體物權。依此定性結果，當域名供違法犯罪使用時，將可依法發動沒收及扣押程序，以達到預防並遏止犯罪之效果。至於境外域名在執行沒收及扣押上之事實困難，可以透過國際司法互助及域名註冊管理機構或域名註冊商之自主協助執行來解決。而此項自主協助執行應符合ICANN治理體系下之社群共識及規範。

A domain name shall be legally categorized as an intangibleproperty in the context of the Internet governance under ICANN.Thus, when a domain name is used in the process of the crime, itwill be submitted to the procedure of seizure and forfeiture sothat the further crime could be prevented from and interrupted. Ifthe domain name is registered by the registrar beyond thejurisdiction, the seizure and forfeiture order could be enforced bythe International Mutual Legal Assistance or voluntarilyassistance from the Registry/Registrar. And such voluntaryassistance is consistent with the community consensus andagreement under ICANN.