外人直接投資與經濟發展：越南經驗

Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Development: Vietnam's Experience

南北越統一之初期，農業是其經濟主體，這使得越南在工業化經濟發展策略上，面臨資本不足、產業技術落後與商業文化難以和西方貿易接軌的困境。直至1985年，越南啟動改革開放政策，引進了外來投資，方才突破經濟發展的瓶頸，同時解決資本不足、技術落後與商業文化落後的問題。本文透過越南的外資來源，特別是台資與其涉及產業的結構分析，來檢視外資與其經濟發展的關係。

Right after its unification, agricultural sector was the major industry in Vietnam economy. Thus, on the road toward industrialization, the country suffered from capital shortage, technological backward in production and lack of modern commercial activities to mount into the trade path with western world. It was not until 1985, when the Vietnam government implemented the open-door policies, the foreign direct investment (FDI) came, and thus the bottleneck of economic development was break-through. The problems of capital shortage, technology backward and weakness in commercial skill were resolved. In this paper, we investigate the role of FDI in Vietnam's economic development, by exploring into the sources of FDI, especially those from Taiwan, and the structures of industries that the foreign investment has involved.