族群差異、族群歧視與族群衝突——全球與亞太趨勢的比較

Ethnic Difference, Discrimination and Ethnic Conflict: A Comparison of the Global Model and the Asian Model

本文嘗試從美國馬里蘭大學Minorities At Risk（MAR）資料庫中，篩選的48個國家中總共79個族群，在1990至2003年這段期間的諸項統計資料，運用「隨機效果一般化最小平方法J（random-effects generalized least square: random-effects GLS），來檢驗族群差異、國家在政治、經濟與文化三方面的歧視政策、國家整體政治自由度，以及經濟發展程度等因素，對於國內三種族群衝突（抗議活動、族群間平行衝突及反政府叛變）的影響，並比較全球族群衝突模式與亞太趨勢的異同。

This paper tested the causal significance of ethnic differences, institutional/policy discriminations, political freedom and income level on three kinds of ethnic conflict and violence (horizontal inter-communal conflict, vertical anti-government protest, and rebellion) via a quantitative research method, the random-effects generalized least square regression (random-effects GLS), with 79 cases from 48 countries over the period of 1990-2003. The data is from the Minorities at Risk (MAR) Dataset generated by the University of Maryland, which has been popularly used in ethnic-conflict studies in recent years. The paper also compares the similarities and differences between the global model and the Asian model.