國民基本教育課程原住民族語文師資培育之挑戰與策略

Challenges and Strategies for the Cultivation of Indigenous Language Teachers under the National Basic Education Curriculum Guidelines

聯合國原住民族權利宣言強調原住民族語言權利，英語系國家亦有相關師資培育方案。我國《憲法增修條文》確立了肯定多元文化、積極維護原住民族語言與文化的基本國策，因而《國家語言發展法》明定《十二年國民基本教育課程綱要》自 111 學年度起將包含原住民族語文在內的本土語文納入各學習階段部定課程，其師資以「專職聘用」為原則；並修訂《原住民族教育法》、《師資培育法》，規定政府必須辦理相關師資職前教育課程，培育具教師資格的原住民族語文專長教師。目前加註原住民族語文專長國小師資培育以學士後教育學分班為主，招收現職族語文老師，其挑戰在於如何使 50 歲以上的族語老師適應包班制的師培課程，進而通過教師資格考試。原住民族語文專長中學師資培育則以職前教育課程為主，然師資生多屬年輕世代，其挑戰在於通過高級族語認證方能參加教師資格考，門檻極高。本文對以上挑戰初步提出解決策略。

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples emphasizes the language rights of indigenous peoples, and English-speaking countries also have relevant teacher training programs. The Amendments of Constitution established the fundamental national policy that the state affirms multiculturalism and positively maintains indigenous language and culture. The Development of National Language Act regulates that the indigenous language courses should be incorporate into MOE-mandated curriculum by 2012 academic year with full-time teachers. The Indigenous Education Law and Teacher Education Law stipulate that the government must conduct relevant pre-service teacher education courses, and cultivate indigenous language teachers with teacher qualifications. Indigenous language teacher education for primary schools was mainly with post-bachelor programs with on duty indigenous language assistant teachers. The challenge is to help the 50-year-olds adapt to the whole-class teacher education programs and to pass teacher certification test. Indigenous language teacher education for high schools is mainly with pre-service course for the younger generation. The challenge is to pass the high level indigenous language certification to participate teacher certification test. The solution to the challenges were discussed.