初探大陸來台軍人落地成戶後的居住型態（1959-1968）

A Preliminary Study of the Residence Types of Mainlander Soldiers After Applying for Household Registration（1959-1968）

本文透過戶籍登記人口動態資料的整理推估，探討早年大陸來台軍人落地成戶之後是否存在不同居住型態？筆者蒐集1959-1968年間全台21縣市戶籍登記人口動態資料之中「遷入／其他」與「遷出／其他」等欄位的相關數據，計算各縣市的累計差數，產生各縣市累計差數代表的比例結構，再以行政院人口統計調整的估算結果「登記人口與預期人口差數」作為基數，推算各縣市來台軍人落地成戶的修正值，對照列管眷村的供給數量與縣市分布。研究結果發現，全台21縣市來台軍人落戶人數普遍超過各縣市列管眷戶的供給，提醒我們注意，為數眾多但因不具婚姻身分，以及因數量限制而無法入住列管眷村的來台軍人，在進入台灣社會之初必須自行解決居住問題的事實與相關現象，而居住型態不同即為其中一例。

Via an analysis of original data on population mobility status, this paper explores if variation exists in the residence type of Mainlander soldiers after applying for household registration in the years between 1959 and 1968. First, the original data of immigrants/not reported and emigrants/not reported in population mobility status across the 21 prefectures and cities of Taiwan are collected. Second, the accumulated difference between the above-mentioned two categories in each prefecture or city is calculated and transformed into a ratio structure corresponding to the weighted distribution of the 21 prefectures and cities in Taiwan. Third, on the basis of“the difference between registered population and expected population”provided by Executive Yuan in 1976, a revised estimation of the number of Mainlander soldiers applying for household registration in each of the 21 prefectures and cities is projected and compared to the increase in registered Chuan-Tsun households for the same period. It is found that the supply of Chuan-Tsun households was much less than the number of Mainlander soldiers across all the 21 prefectures and cities. It reminds us that Chuan-Tsun, as a housing institution, could not accommodate the lodging demands of Mainlander soldiers and their family members. Future attention should be given to the fact that the majority of Mainlander soldiers were on their own infinding a solution to their housing problem after applying for household registration, as well as the consequences, such as a variation in residence type.