日照機構通風換氣現況及簡易改善可行性研究

Current Situation of Natural Ventilation in Elderly Day Care Centers and Feasibility Study of Simple Improvement Strategy

台灣於2025年即將進入超高齡化社會，日間照顧機構需求逐年增加，其空間特質包含長時間多人聚集、收容人員屬身體機能弱勢長者等，故檢核室內是否滿足應有換氣效率為重要課題。本研究選定臺灣南部8間日照機構，針對人員聚集之活動區進行換氣效率實測，旨於探討室內空間、自然機械換氣、設備使用管理及擬定簡易改善換氣效率策略之可行性。結論發現因臺灣高溫高濕氣候及機構人力普遍不足，造成管理者採室內開窗自然換氣之意願較低，以及室內普遍無設置機械換氣，皆為活動區二氧化碳濃度過高主因。本研究亦發現各機構若採開窗進行自然通風，平均室內二氧化碳下降速率可達10ppm/min，室溫上升速率僅0.013℃/min，故建議各機構應確實執行開窗換氣之管理機制，即可有效改善室內換氣效率且不影響室內熱舒適性。

Taiwanese society will become super-aged in 2025 therefore the requirement for elderly daycare centers is increasing year by year. Because the space of daycare center are usually crowded and the elderly have high risk of being infected with the virus, checking the necessary ventilation of center is more important. This study selected 8 daycare center in southern Taiwan to evaluate the ventilation efficiency of activity space and present feasible strategies for economical improvement in natural and mechanical ventilation and use management. It is found that the outdoor air temperature will affect the behavior of opening windows to conduct natural ventilation. In addition, most daycare centers don’t install any mechanical ventilation equipments, which lead to high indoor CO2 concentration. This study also found that opening windows could have effect of CO2 concentration descent at speed of 10ppm/min, which just caused indoor temperature rise at low speed of 0.013℃/min. Lastly, this study suggested that daycare center managers should set specific mechanism for opening window to conduct natural ventilaton, so the indoor ventilation quality would be improved and not affect indoor thermal comfort.