附帶搜索「立即控制範圍延伸」之理論與適用分析──比較法的觀察

Theory and Application Analysis of the Search Incident to Lawful Arrest“Extension of Immediate Control”－A Comparative Law Study

我國刑事訴訟法關於搜索制度基本上採行令狀原則，另為實務運作之需要，同時在一定情形下，例外承認即使沒有法官核發之搜索票，檢警機關仍然可以發動無令狀搜索，附帶搜索即為其中之例。我國通說幾乎認為只要有合法之拘捕，即得在被告立即得控制之範圍實施附帶搜索，但對被告遭拘捕後身體之合法移動處所，是否仍得援引相同法理實施附帶搜索，學說有不同看法。本文經由美、日兩國法之觀察，藉此進一步檢視我國現行附帶搜索規範應採之解釋方向與適用基礎。

The search system of the Code of Criminal Procedure adopts the principle of writs. In addition, for practical operation needs, an exception is admitted to search without writs. Search incident to lawful arrest is an example of search without writs. It is generally believed that as long as there is a lawful arrest, the incidental search must be carried out within the immediate control of the defendant. However, there are different views on whether the incidental search must still be carried out in the legally moving place of the defendant's body after arrest. This article is based on observations of the legal systems of the United States and Japan, to further examine the interpretation direction and application basis of my country's current legal norms from this topic.