交趾陶釉色開發與研究──以基本釉加呈色劑之實驗為例

Adding Coloring Agents to the Base Glaze of Koji Pottery

交趾陶絢麗色彩來自釉藥發揮，充分展現多彩豔麗的特色滿足視覺饗宴。其釉藥可溯自中國戰國時期低溫鉛釉，歷經漢綠釉、唐三彩、宋三彩、遼三彩、金元三彩、明清素三彩等時期發展；輾轉至臺灣後，成為交趾陶釉藥重要來源，同時在傳統建築陶瓷類裝飾藝術中，扮演不可或缺的角色。臺灣的釉藥與陶瓷藝術發展趨於成熟，研發是一連串不斷測試的過程，需耗費大量時間與成本。本文實驗採傳統配釉方式，運用鉛白、鉛丹、石英、長石、高嶺土等化合物進行配方實驗，並使用氧化鈷、氧化銅、碳酸銅等金屬氧化物為呈色劑，展現交趾陶釉藥光澤與色彩。本文目前已研究出基本色相，例如：紅、粉紅、橙、黃、淺黃、草綠、深綠、水藍、深藍、紫、棕、黑、透明，並依據色相與明度需求調整色彩變化，完成一套109組交趾陶釉藥的色票試片。低溫鉛釉技術不應侷限於古蹟修復和建築裝飾品，需更廣泛活用於生活陶瓷或文創商品等，使釉藥發展得以傳承。

The brilliant color of Koji pottery is due to the glaze, which provides a feast for the eyes. The glaze can be traced back to the low-temperature lead glaze used during the Warring States Period in Qin. It was further developed in the styles of Han green glaze, Tang Sancai, Song Sancai, Liao Sancai, Jin and Yuan Sancai, and Ming and Qing Sancai. In Taiwan, the glaze plays an indispensable role in architectural ceramics. The development of glaze and ceramic art in Taiwan has remained mature over time. Glaze research involves continual testing and experimentation. In this study, we mixed glazes with white lead, red lead, quartz, feldspar, and kaolin in the traditional manner and used cobalt oxide, copper oxide, copper carbonate, and other metal oxides as colorants to demonstrate the luster and color that Koji pottery is capable of. We generated the basic hues of red, pink, orange, yellow, light yellow, grass green, dark green, aqua blue, dark blue, purple, brown, and black and used a transparent glaze to adjust the color according to hue and lightness requirements to create a set of 109 swatches of Koji pottery glaze. Low-temperature lead glaze technology should not be limited to ancient pottery restorations and architectural decorations, but should be widely used in living ceramics and cultural and creative products. Doing so will popularize the art form and thus ensure that glaze techniques can be passed down.