藝術介入公共空間之研究──以社區的藝術營造為例

Art Intervention in Public Space: Practical Experience of Art-Based Community Development

文化政策的形成，與時代執政治理思維有著密切關係，2006年起文建會所推動的「公共空間藝術再造補助計畫」，到2008年改為「藝術介入公共空間補助計畫」，開啟了藝術進入社區公共空間的營造，而近年來地方政府以藝術為策略辦理的藝術節，在台灣社區叩欣起一陣風潮，除了呈現新的藝術型態更締造了推展觀光的效益，社區營造並無任何法令機制要求藝術家參與 藝術創作與社區營造因目的不同 在本質上終究不是相同。本研究運用紮根理論針對國內案例進行分析，研究發現不同類型的社區其藝術計畫的實踐結構與元素亦會產生差異。最後歸納出過程中以藝術進行融入地方生活共戚的沈浸式文化體驗，是重要策略，以非營利組織為主導，公部門重點參與的組織結構，是其成為地方留才的誘因，具循環性的文化培力過程、藝術家與居民的合作共學關係、共享美戚經驗的生活空間，為藝術營造社區公共空間的重要元素，更成為形塑多元化且良善的社群參與的能量。本研究期能作為未來社區營造能有更深廣的藝術實踐與策略的參考。

The Incentive Program for Art Re-Creation in Public Space launched by the Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan in 2006, later modified into the Incentive Program for Art Intervention in Public Space in 2008, has opened the door for art to enter the realm of community public space development and thus given art-based-projects and artworks more exposure in communities. Over the past few years, art festivals hosted by local governments have become a trend among Taiwanese communities, creating new styles of art and boosting tourism. We conducted case studies of communities that had practiced art-based community development to discuss how art projects had been implemented in communities of various types as well as examine the structure and elements of art integration into society and communities from a theoretical perspective. Finally, we discussed the heart-touching services and immersive cultural experience based on art in the process of art intervention in public space and stressed the importance of incorporating business and social values into the re-creation of public space with art as the medium for driving changes in the branding of communities. The organizational structure in which nonprofit organizations take the lead while public sector participating in key processes is an appealing quality for talents to stay in local communities. Circular nurturing of cultural talent, collaborative and coleaming relationship between artists and local residents, and sharing of aesthetic experiences are all critical elements for art-based development of community public space and drive the shaping of diverse and favorable community engagement. This study may provide insights into future community development aimed at deepening art integration and strategies.