“法律監督機關”的立法內涵、演進邏輯及內在機理

"The Legislative Content, Evolution Logic and Internal Mechanism of“Legal Supervision Organ”"

"“法律監督機關”是我國憲法對人民檢察院的性質定位。1979年《人民檢察院組織法》首次將“法律監督機關”法定化,立法內涵為注重法律監督下重建法制權威,是在中國檢察理論和實踐中形成的機關,側重刑事訴訟監督和打擊犯罪。1982年憲法使“法律監督機關”成為了憲法規範上的國家機關,基於憲法職能和訴訟制度改革而側重于加強訴訟監督,並在監察體制改革下進行了自我更新,成為與監察委相互配合行使法律監督職能的機關。“法律監督機關”內涵演進的內在機理是人大體制下權力分工模式的必然要求,落實憲法規定的法律監督職能的重要選擇,以及參與憲制層面政治體制改革的要求。“法律監督機關”概念內涵具有延展性,會隨著立法修訂和制度變遷衍生出新的內涵和解釋,不斷凸顯中國特色社會主義檢察理論的特性。"

"“Legal supervision organ”is the nature orientation of the People’s Procuratorate in China’s Constitution. The enactment of Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorate in 1979 for the first time confirmed the“legal supervision organ”statutorily, the legislative connotation is to focus on rebuilding the authority of the legal system under the supervision of the law. It is an organ formed in the theory and practice of Chinese Procuratorial theory, focusing on the task of criminal litigation supervision and cracking down on crimes. The 1982 Constitution made the 'legal supervision organs' a state organ on constitutional norms, based on the constitutional functions and litigation system reform and focus on strengthening litigation supervision, under the reform of the supervision system, it has conducted self -renewal and become an organ that cooperates with the supervision commission to exercise the legal supervision functions. The internal mechanism of the connotation evolution of ' legal supervision organs' is the inevitable requirement of the division of power mode under the system of NPC, the important choice of carrying out the legal supervision function stipulated by the Constitution, and the requirement of participating in the political system reform at the constitutional level. The connotation of the concept of ' legal supervision organ' is malleable, and will derive new connotation and interpretation along with the legislative revision and institutional change, and constantly highlight the characteristics of the socialist procuratorial theory with Chinese characteristics."