易代「異托邦」──重探陳去病的明清書寫

“Heterotopia＂ at the Time of Dynasty Change: Reinterpretation to the Ming and Qing History Written by Chen Qubing

陳去病（1874-1933）不僅是一個以反清、反袁為革命意識符碼的近代標誌性人物，同時也是長期致力於明清史料的收集者、撰寫者，以及研究者。本文受「異托邦」和「後遺民寫作」觀點啟發，以其自晚清到民初陸續撰寫的《五石脂》、《明遺民錄》、《巢南詩話》等作品為主要對象，試圖解讀其筆下呈現明清歷史記憶的懷舊與感傷，以及吳江、金陵等地名士風流遺緒的結集，如何營造出易代之際類型的「異托邦」？而此間投射看似時空錯置的自我形象，又是如何形成陳去病安身立命的「異質空間」？其對明清人物的論贊與地景、器物的感懷，又何以讓他逾花甲之年「動盈几案」而樂此不疲？此外，經由報刊傳播，這些明清為數甚夥的歷史記憶所涉及的身分認同，在在值得追索與探究。

"Chen Qubing (1874-1933), a modern representative, was not only committed to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and resist Yuan Shikai, but also a collector, writer, and researcher dedicated to the historical data of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Inspired by the point of view “heterotopia” and “post-loyalist writing,” the study concentrates on Wu Shi Zhi《五石脂》, Biographies of the Ming Loyalists《明遺民錄》, and Chaonan Shihua《巢南詩話》 written by Chen Qubing during the period from Late Qing Dynasty to Early Republic of China. Also, the study attempts to understand Chen Qubing’s feelings for history memory in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as the records of famous literati in Wujiang and Jinling. The following are the questions that this study is trying to find out： 1. What is the form of “Heterotopia” created by Chen Qunbing during the dynasty transition? 2. At this time, his self-image was misplaced in time and space. How did he form his own “heterogeneity space”? 3. Even over 60 years old, why was he still willing to devote himself to the commentary of Ming and Qing characters and the writing of local scenery? In addition, through the dissemination of newspapers and periodicals, the literary works and historical documents collected by Chen Qubing have left us with a large number of historical memories and identities during the Ming and Qing dynasties."