解讀1962年臺灣文壇禁書事件──從《心鎖》探討文學史敘事模式

A Decipherment of a Book Banned at 1962 in the Literary Field of Taiwan--an Analysis of Literary History Writing through the 'Xin Suo (Locked Heart)' Incident

六○年代臺灣文壇「心鎖事件」，源自小說《心鎖》被政府查禁，以及女作家郭良蕙因而被作家協會開除會籍，所引發一系列論戰與效應。就呈現某一時地「文學生態」而言，涉及作家題材選擇與創作自由、黨國機器、作家組織與市場機制等等。按說參與論戰的作家眾多，且留下大量文本，應是文學史書寫不能也不願遺漏的對象。事實不然，觀察兩岸文學史書，涉及此事的篇幅極少，幾近於零。本論文就此「文學史現象」加以論述：前半部敘述此一事件內容及背景，後半部審視心鎖事件作為「文學史現象」之成因與現況，並藉以省思「文學史敘事模式」。「文學史書寫」不可能不面對一個時期的「文化政治」，史家除了書寫一連串作家與作品，更須留心作品背後的關係網絡與文學體制。

"In1962, the best-selling book Xin Suo (心鎖), by author Kuo Liang-Hui (郭良蕙) was banned in Taiwan and only available to purchase through the black market. During this period of time, the author's membership to Association of Women Writers was permanently revoked. This incident brought public outrage since the book was just considered a romantic novel. The Xin Suo incident resonates on several areas of concerns in regards to freedom of speech during the 1960s enforced martial law of Kuo Ming Tang (Nationalist Party), including sexual discrimination and political suppression. The book was banned mainly for the sexual connotations that it could have had on society. This is clear sexual discriminations and withdrawal of Kuo Lian-Hui's memberships from major writer's associations demeans her entire reputation. However, it is important to note that all dominate writer's associations were controlled by the government and political suppression was unavoidable for many at that time. The issues involved in the Xin Suo incident can be analyzed in the field of literary production in Taiwan during the 1960s. The theory of literary field, promoted by Pierre Bourdieu, situates all creative writing within the social conditions. His theory can be used to interpret the Xin Suo incident of 1962 that was completely ignored in literary history. The Xin Suo incident is an influential case study for future literary history writings because it collaborates with the cultural framework. "