探索數位原住民和數位移民的資訊搜尋行為

Information Behavior of Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants in the Digital Environment

數位原住民和數位移民生活在同一個環境中。他們可能是同事、夥伴和家人。探索他們的資訊行為不僅可以增進彼此的了解，還可以增進同事、工作主管、學生，以及教師等代間的彼此理解。本研究旨在了解數位原住民和數位移民在工作場所和日常生活的資訊搜尋行為，藉由目的和滾雪球取樣方法，招募共20 位受訪者（數位原住民和數位移民各 10 名），研究採半結構訪談和V-R 地圖工具收集資料，轉錄訪談語料並進行質性分析。研究結果發現，在資訊需求方面，數位原住民（DN）和數位移民（DI）在日常生活中有不同的資訊需求，但是在工作／學習環境中的資訊需求，主要是視角色而定；在資訊使用方面，不論在工作／學習環境和日常生活中，數位移民似乎較數位原住民更依賴於物理人際網絡；在資訊搜尋方面數位原住民和數位移民都嚴重依賴搜尋引擎和社交網絡，忽略圖書館所提供的許多高品質且有組織完善的數位資源，顯示圖書館和各級學校教育，需加強在各級學校和終身教育制度中，提供資訊素養教育計劃。

"This study was designed to explore the information behavior of people of different generations (i.e., digital natives and digital immigrants) in the contexts of the workplace and everyday life, so that an information literacy program can be designed. White and Le Cornu (2011, 2017) argue that the motivation to engage with the Web could be more significant than generational distinctions. However, as implied by Prensky (2001) with the notion of Digital Natives (referring to the net generation or digital generation) and Digital Immigrants, we are more interested in the information behavior of these different generations. More specifically, we investigate generational differences in information need and information sources during information seeking processes; information evaluation strategies; and information sharing, from behavioral and affective perspectives. We recruited a total of 20 participants (10 each for digital natives and digital immigrants) by convenient and snowball sampling strategies, for semi-structured interviews. The collected data was analyzed by the grounded theory approach and using the Visitors and Residents (V&R) mapping technique of White and colleagues (2011, 2012, 2017) for visualizing the distribution of information resource use. Our results show that work tasks and occupation generally play important roles in information seeking for the purposes of problem solving and knowledge acquisition in workplaces. However, digital immigrants are more dependent on personal networks for information seeking than are digital natives. People’s information evaluation strategies are affected by their level of education, as well as their perceived credibility of information. Both digital natives and immigrants have used social networking sites in everyday contexts, and maintaining interpersonal relationships is one of the key motivations for information sharing. The research results also reveal the significance of personal beliefs about the credibility of information among digital natives and digital immigrants. Implications of the research results are proposed."