以工作分析法進行地板滾球介入，對國小中度智能障礙學生改善擲球精準度之研究

Improving Precision of Ball Throwing through the Program of Task Analysis and Boccia Intervention for the Elementary School Students with Moderate Intellectual Disabilities

臺灣持續推動適應體育教學，但特教教師對於適應體育知能普遍不足；身障學生對於體育活動參與的動機較為低落，導致無法養成運動習慣及習得體育技巧。本研究置在探討對國小中度智能障礙學生採用工作分析法，進行地板滾球教學介入，訓練並提升其擲球精準度之成效。透過單一受試研究法，研究對象為3名國小中度智能障礙學生。以工作分析法進行地板滾球介入，測量子母球間間距結果評量擲球精準度；總共進行8 週，每週3 次，每次40 分鐘。研究工具： （1）地板滾球擲準度評量； （2） 自編滾球擲準工作分析教學記錄表； （3） 重要他人滿意度問卷。發現無法改善中度智能障礙生擲球精準度，無立即成效與維持成效，但在重要他人滿意度呈現良好結果。因研究方法多處嚴謹度須深思，且受許多研究限制影響包含：自變項未釐清、研究對象是否為獨立事件、預試成效影響、收案及排除條件等；導致結果未如預期，因此以探討反思為主軸，希冀提供未來研究者修正動作精確度能有助益。

"Adapted physical education has been gradually promoted in Taiwan. However, special education teachers are generally unfamiliar adapted physical education, while students with special needs demonstrate low motivation for participating in sports activities, which also leads unlikely to develop sports habits and acquire sports skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of using task analysis method to train and improve the precision of throwing the ball of students with moderate intellectual disabilities in elementary school by means of a single subject research. The research tools include measured the distance between the ball and the mother ball by the researcher and task analysis record sheet as well as significant other’s satisfaction questionnaire. After collecting the data, the influence of intervention and maintenance is understood by means of visual analysis, and the social validity analysis. Due to un-expectable in research process, the results show that the using task analysis method to train and improve the precision of throwing the ball of students with moderate intellectual disabilities in elementary school has none significant intervention and maintenance outcomes. It is suggested that when planning the relevant courses of students with moderate intellectual disabilities in elementary school, the contents of the intervention plan can be analyzed according to the students’ individual needs and abilities, and if the relevant research is carried out in the future, it should be individually investigated the students of different needs and design intervention methods."