論數字貿易的自由化義務

The Liberalization Obligation of Digital Trade

數字貿易的自由化義務是數字貿易國際規則談判的核心內容。探討數字貿易的自由化義務可以從市場準入和非歧視義務這兩個主要框架展開。對于數字貿易的市場準入，不同WTO成員在承諾列表模式、關稅問題以及其他非關稅措施方面仍有較大差異和分歧需要進一步磋商磨合。數字貿易非歧視待遇有關同類性和較低待遇的判定標準需要在借鑒WTO法理和實踐的基礎上，結合數字貿易規制措施具體分析和明確。為促進數字貿易自由化的發展，WTO成員應努力解決數字貿易歸類問題，并協調跨境數據流動規則。WTO電子商務談判應特別關注發展問題，著力彌合數字鴻溝。同時，自由貿易協定仍然可以并將繼續成為推動數字貿易自由化的重要場所。

"The liberalization obligation of digital trade is the core content of the negotiation on international rules for digital trade.The exploration of digital trade liberalization can be carried out from the following two main frameworks,which are market access and non-discrimination obligation respectively.Regarding the market access of digital trade,there are still great differences and divergences among different WTO members in terms of the commitment list model,tariff issue and other non-tariff measures,which require further negotiation and adjustment.The criteria for determining the likeness and less favourable treatment of digital trade need to be analyzed and clarified in detail on the basis of the WTO jurisprudence and practice,combined with digital trade regulatory measures.In order to promote the development of digital trade liberalization,WTO members should work hard to address the problem of digital trade classification,and coordinate the rules of cross-border data flows.And special attention should be paid to the development issue and bridging the digital divide in WTO e-commerce negotiation.Meanwhile,FTAs can still be and will continue to be the important place to improve digital trade liberalization."