規範性文件立法審查制度的實踐反思與規則修正

Practical Reflections and Regulation Amendments to the Legislative Review System of Normative Documents

伴隨著規範性文件''全面審查''的推進，立法審查制度重新成為法學界與實務界的焦點。基於25個樣本省份的實踐考察發現，地方規範性文件立法審查活動在《立法法》《監督法》的基礎上有諸多創新之處，突出表現在規範性文件範圍擴張、立法審查標準多樣化以及立法審查程序的層次性增強等方面。但通過周延性概念、標準化法律教義、操作性法律教義等法教義學原理的綜合檢驗，只有部分地方經驗知識與價值判斷能夠推動立法審查制度的發展。基於上述規範性文件立法審查的實踐創新與法教義學檢驗，我國規範性文件立法審查制度應當做出相應修正，即以排除式立法模式確定規範性文件的範圍，明確將司法文件納入地方立法審查範圍中來;增加不抵觸標準與法律依據標準、''違反法制統一''的審查標準、''不適當變通''的審查標準;完善備案被動審查程序。

"With the promotion of ''comprehensive review'' of normative documents, the legislative review system has become the focus of the legal and practical circles. Based on the practical investigation of 25 sample provinces, it is found that there are many innovations in the legislative review of local normative documents on the basis of the Legislative Law and the Supervision Law, which are manifested in the expansion of the scope of normative documents, the diversification of legislative review standards, the enhancement of the level of legislative review procedures and the enhancement of the force of inappropriate normative documents. However, through the comprehensive test of the principles of dogmatics of law, such as circumstantial concept, standardized legal doctrine, operational legal doctrine and consequential legal doctrine, only some local experience knowledge and value judgment can promote the development of legislative review system. Based on the practice innovation and legal doctrinal test of the above normative document legislative review, China’s normative document legislative review system should make the following amendments, that is, to determine the scope of normative documents with the exclusion type legislative model, to clearly include judicial documents into the scope of local legislative review; to add the review standards of non conflict and legal basis, the“violating the unification of the legal systcm”review standard and the review standard of“quasi”and“improper modification”;the passive review procedure should be strengthened; the legal effect of inappropriate normative documents should be made clear."