互聯網平臺封禁行為的反壟斷法規制

Antitrust Law Regulation on Banned Behavior of Internet Platform

近年來，互聯網平臺實施的封禁行為引發了社會各界的廣泛關注。由於互聯網平臺是兼具公共空間屬性和私人空間屬性的准公共平臺，需要防範平臺利用公共空間屬性排除、限制市場競爭。反壟斷法對封禁行為的規制，有助於實現互聯互通及其派生的效率和用戶至上的價值目標。在相關市場界定方面，鑒於封禁方與被封禁方的上下游關係以及平臺之間的跨平臺網絡效應，需要界定多個相關市場，但不宜根據平臺整體界定相關商品市場。在市場支配地位認定方面，重點考慮封禁方獲取和控制用戶數據的能力、被封禁方對封禁方在交易上的依賴程度和在相關市場生存的難易程度。在違法性認定方面，宜適度擴張必需設施理論，在公共利益框架內審查經營自主權、保障用戶合法權益等抗辯理由並確定封禁的合理限度。

"In recent years, banned behavior of internet platform has aroused widespread concern. As the platform is a quasi - public platform, it is necessary to prevent the platform from excluding and restricting competition. The antitrust law regulation is helpful to realize the value goal of interconnection and its derived efficiency and user first goal. Due to upstream and downstream relationship and the cross-platform network effect, it is necessary to define multiple relevant markets, but it is not appropriate to define the relevant market according to the whole platform. We should focus on the ability of the banned party to obtain and control user data, the degree of dependence on the banned party in the transaction and the difficulty of survival in the relevant market. We should appropriately expand essential facilities theory, examine the defense reasons such as operation autonomy and protection of users' legitimate interests, and determine the reasonable limit of banned behavior."