農地訴訟案件的審理難點及對策——基於12省30縣市區的調研數據

Difficulties and Countermeasures in the Trial of Agricultural Land Litigation Cases: Based on the survey data of 30 counties and cities in 12 provinces

近年來，涉農土地訴訟出現新變化、呈現新趨勢。通過對人民法院系統2016－2020年全國涉農土地訴訟案件進行樣本分析，發現農地訴訟案件數量總體呈增長趨勢。經過進一步對司法案例的研究以及實地調研，發現農地制度變革、區域政策調整、土地收益增大以及土地權屬不明等因素是引發案件劇增的原因。審理農地案件難點集中在制度供給不足、類案難以同判、執行難度加大等方面。實質性解決糾紛的路徑在於，從強化審判職能、培養涉農地案件審判人才、開展涉農訴訟司法救助、優化司法運行環境等方面採取有效措施，以破解司法審判難題。

"In recent years, there have been new changes and new trends in agriculture-related land litigation. Through the sample analysis of litigation cases involving agricultural land in the people's court system from 2016 to 2020, this paper finds that the number of litigation cases involving agricultural land shows an overall trend of growth. After further study of judicial cases and field research, it is found that the reasons for the sharp increase of cases are the reform of agricultural land system, regional policy adjustment, the increase of land income and disputes over land title. The difficulties in the trial of agricultural land cases focus on the shortage of system supply, the difficulty of applying the similar cases rule, and the difficulty of enforcement. In order to solve the problem of judicial trial, effective measures should be taken to strengthen the judicial function, train judicial personnel for the trial of agriculture+-related cases, carry out judicial assistance for agriculture-related litigation, and optimize the judicial operation environment."