高齡族群靈性支持與生活態度的影響因素分析

The Analysis of Impact Factors about Older People’s Spiritual Support and Life Attitudes

高齡族群對晚年生活的關注點，不只在於生理健康狀態或疾病老化現象，更重要的是與家人和夥伴的連結需求。高齡族群建構正向靈性支持與生活態度滿足其親情、希望與感恩需求，亦透過宗教或屬靈活動來增進人際和諧與實踐生命意義。研究者運用問卷調查方法蒐集高齡族群對靈性支持與生活態度及相關影響因素的看法，探討愛與歸屬、宗教參與、感恩希望與靈性支持在此影響關係所表現的效應，並進行偏最小平方法的潛在構面信效度與路徑關係之統計檢定工作。研究結果指出高齡族群對愛與歸屬和宗教參與態度，正向影響感恩希望與靈性支持想法，並形塑積極且快樂的靈性支持與生活態度。相關單位與社群組織可協助高齡族群對過往人生歷練抱持正向感恩態度，安排社群活動協助其願意與他人分享及討論靈性議題，藉以建構安心與正向的生活態度。本研究具體建議如下：1.相關單位或社群組織邀請高齡族群與年輕世代共同參加經驗分享交流活動，透過靈性議題的支持與中介來建構正向人生心態。2.相關單位與社群組織應關心高齡族群的家庭生活，結合社福資源讓高齡族群正向發展晚年健康生活意識。3.相關單位與社群組織透過不同宗教社會關懷行動，協助高齡族群連結社群參與價值以建構正向快樂的晚年生活。

"The focus of elderly life for older adults is not only the physical health or aging illness, but also is the contact need with their family and partners. Older adults can perform positively spiritual support and life attitudes toward the satisfactions with affection, hope, and thanksgiving, and engaging in religious or spiritual activities, and own their interpersonal, harmony, and meaningful life. The researchers employed the survey study to collect the viewpoints for older adults on spiritual support and life attitudes and related factors, and explored the relationships among love and belongings, religious engagement, thanksgiving and hope, and spiritual support. This study used partial least square to test the statistical effects on the reliability and validity with latent factors and hypothesized paths. The results indicated that the older adults’ attitudes toward love and belongings and religious engagement positively affect their perceptions about thanksgiving and hope and spiritual support. Their considerations on these factors could shape and advance their perceptions of the positively and happily spiritual life. Relevant institutions and social organizations can take some practices to assist older adults to have a positive thanksgiving feelings of past life experiences, arranging community activities to help them be willing to share and discuss spiritual issues with others, and construct the safe and positive life attitudes. The practical suggestions of this study are listed as follows:1. Relevant institutions and social organizations can invite older adults and younger generations to participate in experience-sharing and exchangeable activities, and construct their positive common life mentality through the support and intermediary of spiritual issues.2. Relevant institutions and social organizations can consider about the family life of the older adults, and integrate with social welfare resources into the development of the healthy life awareness in their later years.3. Relevant institutions and social organizations can help older adults to engage in the community activities to construct the positive and happily life in their later years through the social caring engagement of different religions."