重讀〈虬髯客傳〉──以敘事學為切入視角

Rereading ''Qiu Ran Ke Zhuan'' - From the Perspective of Narratology

本論文首先藉由〈虬髯客傳〉在小說創作、歷史書寫、政治寓言三個範疇應如何定位展開思考，指出歷史為〈虬髯客傳〉的故事背景，但虛構方為其成為小說的重要血脈，至於「天命所歸」的政治寓言，在小說書寫中僅是失去話語權的符碼，在隱顯之間辯證性地存在著。其次由「李唐天下乃天命所歸」的主旨與豪俠的主題分類來看，天命歸於真人，但真人的形象卻是錯雜地分布於唐太宗、虬髯客以及隋煬帝、楊素身上;在結構上通過敘述與議論的分別觀察，可發現隱含作者理智上強調的是人臣對君主的效忠，情感上透顯的卻是對傳主虬髯客的偏愛;最後從格雷馬斯的角色分析中，因有著主角為暑客與對頭為李世民的安排，敘述者不自覺地帶領讀者走向同情髯客的閱讀方向。通過敘事學的分析，本論文試圖重新理解敘述本身如何引導後世作為讀者的改寫者的接受情形，為讀者如何接受與註解〈虬髯客傳〉提出一可能的進路。

"This thesis points out that history is the narrative background of ''Qiu Ran Ke Zhuan'', but fiction is the focus of the narrative. Political fable is a code that loses the right to speak, and it is a dialectical existence. From the structure point of view, the implied author rationally emphasizes the loyalty of the minister to the monarch, but emotionally reveals his preference for the ''Qiu Ram Ke''. Through the analysis of Greimas's role, this thesis believes that the narrator unconsciously leads the reader towards a reading direction that sympathizes with the ''Qiu Ram Ke''. In short, this thesis attempts to re-understand how the narrative itself guides later generations as readers' rewriters, and proposes a possible approach for readers to accept and interpret the ''Qiu Ran Ke Zhuan''."