我國酒駕致死交通事故研究──以司法判決為例

A Study of Alcohol-impaired-driving Fatalities in Taiwan─Using Criminal Judgements as Examples

酒後駕車是近年來國人所關心的社會重大議題，尤以酒駕致死事件，往往對兩造家庭造成巨大的傷害與衝擊，如何遏止酒駕惡習成為近年來我國治安及交通之最重要的課題。鑒於政府政策須以科學化的證據為基礎，本文乃針對我國2010至2014年所發生酒駕致死交通事故之司法判決進行內容分析，透過檢視酒駕致死之刑事判決案件，試圖分析其中交通事故當事人(包括肇事者及被害者)相關特性，藉以審視酒駕刑事政策有關立法面與執法面之挑戰與限制，進而對未來政策方向提出相關建議，本文調查發現，酒駕共乘死亡機率高，彷彿另類自殺行為，應以連帶處罰約束乘客；而酒駕致死肇逃比例亦相當高，應強化即時監控反應機制；此外，酒駕刑罰之威嚇有明顯之邊際遞減效應，應強化民眾自主管理法治觀念，透過公私協力治理及新興科技強化處罰之迅速性，讓酒駕行為與獲得處罰之間的時間縮短、機會增大，飲酒者若認知到一旦駕車肇事，將即時受到法律之制裁，才會警覺個人自主管理的重要性，始能達到防制酒駕最佳的成效。

Alcohol-impaired driving prevention has been one of the most important criminal justice policies in Taiwan. In cases of alcohol-impaired fatality in particular, serious damage and impact on both suspects' and victims' families are often incurred inevitably. Therefore, how to reduce the disastrous behaviours has been the vital issue in maintenance of public order and traffic safety in recent years. This research focuses on the analyses of contents in judicial judgments concerning alcohol-impaired fatality between 2010 and 2014, managing to explore the characteristics related of all parties (suspects and victims included) in the events. In turn, considering both the legislative and executive challenges and limitations of criminal justice policies of alcohol-impaired driving, suggestions of future policies will consequently be proposed.