記光復初期中共在台之地下組織：台灣省工作委員會

Reflections on The Restoration of Taiwan in the Early years The Chinese Communists in Taiwan Underground Organization: ''Taiwan province Mission Committee''

民國34年，抗戰勝利後，未幾，國、共內戰隨即全面爆發，雙方廝殺鏖戰了3年餘，最後結果是共勝國敗，中共席捲大陸，國府敗退來台。分析當年共產黨之所以能夠戰勝國民黨，實由多方因素所造成，其中一項即為，中共潛伏於國府內部和國府統治區域的地下黨，發揮了相當大關鍵性的作用。當時全國各地，幾乎都有中共的地下組織，在決戰的關鍵時刻，不是提供情報；就是陣前起義，使得國府疲於奔命，防不勝防，終至潰敗。相對於大陸內地各省區遭到中共地下黨的全盤滲透，經過日本50年統治的台灣，是中共比較無從著力的地區。雖然在日治時期，台灣已有共產黨組織，但經過三○年代日本的「全島大掃蕩」後，台共力量幾乎全面崩解。光復後，舊台共勢力雖有捲土重來的跡象，但力量仍甚薄弱。然為了配合共產黨即將到來的解放戰爭，台灣也是中共關注的據點。因此，在光復初期，中共中央根據開闢台灣新區的新布署，決定成立中共「台灣省工作委員會」（以下簡稱「省工委會」）任命有「長征」經驗的台籍幹部蔡孝乾潛往台灣，組建中共台灣地方組織，開展台灣工作，「省工委會」即在此背景下秘密成立。「省工委會」成立後，立即透過各種管道，全面滲透台灣各個階層，工運、學運、原住民族是它們發展的重點，而且也取得不錯的成績。228期間，「省工委會」亦思有所行動，唯並未達成預期目標。228事件後，為配合中共的解放戰爭，「省工委會」仍甚活躍。38年國府遷台後，為鞏固復興基地台灣，在島內實施全力掃蕩中共地下黨組織的行動，形成五○年代談共色變的「白色恐怖」。在這波全面偵緝中，「省工委會」終於無法倖免，因著基隆「鍾浩東事件」而遭破獲。這是國府遷台初期，最大、最成功的查緝共諜事件，此事件影響之大，不容小覷。本文之作，即針對光復初期，中共在台最大地下組織「省工委會」作一簡介；兼亦敘述中共與228事件的關係，並評論其在事件中扮演之角色為何？

In 1949 The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) gained control over the Chinese mainland, forcing the Government of the Republic of China to move to Taiwan. It was a violent historical change for the China. The CCP Occupation of the mainland of China, One major cause was the Communists Underground Organization takes a greatly effective in the Nationalist Government control area. But Taiwan under the Japanese was obtaining, social stability; Especially of in 1930s. The Taiwan Communist Party Arrest in Japan colonizes That CCP not influence of Taiwan. But Taiwan is strategically important to the mainland, In spite of CCP was must emancipation Taiwan. Since 1945, the CCP rapidly established Underground Organization in Taiwan, the Underground Organization called ''Taiwan province Mission Committee'' Leader is Tsay Shiaw-Chyan(蔡孝乾). Tsay born in Changhua(彰化) 1924 to China and study of Shaughai(上海) university, That a CCP school. In late time, Tsay joint the CCP and participate in Long March(長征) of 1934-1935. By 1945 The Sino-Japanese War victory, The CCP appointed to he was leader ''Taiwan province Mission Committee'' Attempt to infiltrate into social stratification, example of school、factory、aborigines etc. As a matter of fact, Tsay succeed lead worker movement or student movement and aborigines. He is connection past Taiwan Communist power, threat to Nationalist Government in Taiwan. So in 1950 When ''Taiwan province Mission Committee ''owing to ''Jong Haw-Dong(鍾浩東) Event'' destruction, Tsay ultimately surrender. The Nationalist Government supreme authority declared t of that is a best victory. This article is a research study of ''Taiwan province Mission Committee'' and Tsay Shiaw-Chyan(蔡孝乾), A thorough he career, We might to understand the history of ''Taiwan province Mission Committee'' Final, I have explain to Why is it failure, in addition to discussed of ''Taiwan province Mission Committee'' related to with ''February 28 Event'' By 1947 and 1950s Period'' White Tenor Event''.