成為環境教育場域優秀解說志工之影響因素研究

The Influencing Factors of Becoming an Outstanding Interpretation Volunteers in Environmental Education Fields

志工解說成效將影響環境教育場域參訪者的學習興趣與成效。本研究參考林明瑞、林姵辰（2016）之「居民成為社區環境學習中心解說志工的參與的行為量表及模式」，再加入林明瑞、羅雪瑞（2003）之「重要生命經驗」概念面向，修正為本研究適用之架構；旨在探討成為環境教育場域優秀解說志工之影響因素及其模式為何，哪些因素影響解說滿意度較大。本研究對國內已認證之環境教育場域解說志工及受其解說的參訪者進行問卷調查。每一環教場域推薦5位志工接受問卷調查。共發出565份，有效問卷回收率為58.1%。每位志工再發給3位參訪者進行解說滿意度調查，共發出1695份，有效問卷回收率為98.8%。研究結果如下：影響成為優秀解說志工之各項影響因素潛在變項的總平均值為4.16，解說志工的「特質」構面平均值為4.32，以具有熱忱與愛心、自信心、愉悅外表和笑容等三項特質對解說滿意度影響最大；其次是「解說能力」構面平均值為4.29，這兩構面得分最高。本研究「成為優秀解說志工之影響因素」的結構方程模式中，整體適配良好。由模式得知，解說志工的重要生命經驗對參與動機的影響最大；志工的特質對其參與狀況的影響最大；志工的特質與解說能力對其解說滿意度有正向及顯著影響，其總效果值為0.70、0.77。本研究之「優秀解說志工之影響因素模式」對參與動機、參與狀況、環境素養、志工特質、解說能力、解說滿意度等之解釋力分別為85、74、79、84、69及69%，均呈現高解釋力。

The volunteers' good-or-bad interpretation will affect the visitors' interest and learning effectiveness of the environmental education fields. This research framework was referred to Lin and Lin (2016),”The Participation Behavior Scale and Model of Residents How to Becoming an Interpretation Volunteer of Community Environmental Learning Center”, and added Lin and Luo (2003),“The Significant Life Experience”concept, and then was revised. The purpose of this study is to explore the influencing factors and behavioral mode of becoming outstanding interpretation volunteer of environmental education fields, and which factors affect the visitors' interpretation satisfaction most. A questionnaire survey was conducted on domestic certified environmental education fields in the study. 5 interpretation volunteers was recommended by each field to answer the questionnaire. 565 interpretation volunteer questionnaires were sent out, the valid recovery rate is 58.1%. Then, 3 visitors receiving the questionnaires of interpretation satisfaction to each interpretation volunteer, there are 1695 copies sent out, the valid recovery rate is 98.8%. The important results are shown as follows: The overall average of influencing factors' potential variable that influence becoming an outstanding interpretation volunteer is 4.16. The mean of interpretation volunteers' 'traits' facet is 4.32, having enthusiasm and compassion, confidence, cheerful outward appearance and smile these three traits affect interpretation satisfaction most, and the mean of 'interpretation ability' facet is 4.29, these two facets scored the highest. The overall adaptation of Structural Equation Model of 'influencing factors of becoming an outstanding interpretation volunteer' of this study is good. The model show, the significant life experience of interpretation volunteers has greatest impact on participation motivation; interpretation volunteer's traits affect participation situation most; interpretation volunteer's traits and interpretation ability positively and significantly affects interpretation satisfaction, their total effective value is 0.70 and 0.77, that means the interpretation satisfaction is mainly affected by the traits and interpretation ability of interpretation volunteer. In this study, the explanatory power of 'influencing factors of becoming an outstanding interpretation volunteer mode' on participation motivation, participation status, environmental literacy, volunteer's traits, interpretation ability and interpretation satisfaction are 85%, 74%, 79%, 84%, 69% and 69%, showing very high explanatory power.