以海事訴訟爭點研析岸置港口貨櫃貨物損害公證勘驗之研究

A Study on the Disputes of Maritime Litigation and Analysis of the Notarized inspection of Cargo Damage in the Shore Port

臺灣四面環海，海上貨物運送多採貨櫃方式為之，依據我國航政機關與港埠經營單位之進出口貨櫃統計資料顯示，自2016年至2020年臺灣主要國際商港之進出口貨櫃，以從1486萬TEU成長至1529萬TEU；然海上貨櫃運輸的貨主，通常不直接將貨物交由運送人運輸，往往會透過海運承攬業者（稱貨代或無船承運人）、報關行等航運業來進行統籌安排，該批海上貨物運送期間會經過拖車、駁船、陸運、櫃場、碼頭、船舶運送業等人進行看管照料運送之責，倘若該貨物發生貨損，即常藉由海事公證業者之公證報告來釐清岸置貨損責任，而該公證報告勘驗結果，亦會影響我國各級法院審理判定情形。本研究利用文獻歸納法、灰色關聯分析及案例比較分析法進行研析，以灰色關聯分析找出關鍵要素，以減少海事訴訟糾紛。

Taiwan is surrounded by sea, Most sea cargo transportation uses container transportation. According to the statistics of import and export containers by my country's transportation management department and port operators, From 2016 to 2020, the import and export containers of major international commercial ports in Taiwan increased from 14.86 million TEUs to 15.29 million TEUs, However, the shipper of ocean container transportation usually does not directly hand over the goods to the carrier for transportation. They usually make overall arrangements through the shipping industry, such as non-shipping general carrier (NVOCC) and customs brokers and other carrier arrangements. During the transportation of this batch of sea cargo, it will be taken care of by people such as trailers, barges, land transportation, counter yards, docks, and ship transportation companies. If the goods are damaged, a notarized maritime notarized report is usually used to clarify the responsibility for the damage to the goods. The results of the notarization report inspection will also affect the judgments of the courts at all levels in our country. This study uses literature induction, gray correlation analysis and case comparison analysis for research and analysis, and uses gray correlation analysis to find out the key elements to reduce maritime litigation disputes.