臺灣運動紀錄影片的議題發展與回顧（1999～2020）

The developing issues and retrospection of Taiwan's Sports Documentaries (1999~2020)

進入二十一世紀，臺灣運動紀錄影像迎來蓬勃發展的景況。運動議題的影像化產生「真實的關照」與「批判的力道」，營造更豐富、多元的運動文化。因此，有必要回顧並爬梳運動紀錄片的議題發展與脈絡。事實上，紀錄片的生產與再現，無法自外於社會現實與歷史脈絡而獨存，更是鑲嵌於政治、經濟、文化與科技發展等複雜社會結構之中，呈顯出臺灣社會的各種多元議題。事實上，運動紀錄影像的發展是承繼80年代政治民主化與90年代社會文化多元化的養分，才漸次產製出多部優秀的運動影片。1999年蕭菊貞的《紅葉傳奇》獲得金馬獎最佳紀錄片殊榮，運動類型的紀錄影像備受肯定，並且脫離政治與教育意識形態的宣傳，建構出第一部具有「獨立觀點」的運動影片。而至2020年為止，本文收集所得之78部紀錄片，共分成9大類項，並以「媒體素養」的概念，探究運動紀錄片的主題類型與影像趨勢。研究結果顯示，紀錄影像的內容不僅解構「少棒神話」、針砭運動政策與環境、推廣運動教育及文化、重視女性主體的再現、突出運動文化的賦權體驗、提出教育養成與職涯發展的問題、重視「綠色議題」、挑戰高齡歧視，更對紀錄影像與企業公關的有機聯結有所擔憂。最後，紀錄片深具認識現狀、挖掘真相、挑戰權威、建構歷史的潛在能力，促使運動紀錄影像成為厚植閱聽大眾「媒體素養」的重要媒介，已是一股臺灣運動文化發展的建構性力量。

Into 21th century, Taiwan's sports documentaries are blooming. Documentary film of sporting issues has produced the power to criticize on society with real survey and construct sports culture profusely. Therefore, it is necessary to comb those developing issues of Taiwan's sports documentaries. However, production and representation of documentary doesn't exit without social reality and historical context. In fact, early development of sports documentaries was inherited the nutrient from political democratization and social diversification in 1980. Especially, the documentary of ''The Red Leaf legend'' honored golden horse prize in 1999. This film was equipped with independent viewpoint that separate itself from official propaganda and ideology. Until 2020, this research collect 78 sporting documentary and divided them into nine categories, those films investigated by the concept of media literacy to explore the film themes and developing issues of Taiwan's sports documentaries. Findings reveal that sports documentaries not merely deconstruct the '' legend of Little League Baseball '' , criticize the sporting policy and environment, promote the sporting culture, pay attention to the representation of female subject, highlight the empowerment of sporting culture, problematize the education and career development, prioritize the green issue, challenge the existing age discrimination, and also put a worry to organic connection between documentaries and corporate PR. Documentary has the potential to know the reality, to dig the truth, to challenge authority and construct our history. Based on the filming outcomes of diversity and care with disadvantaged social groups, sport documentary had become a sharp implement with media literacy to empower the audiences around our society.