民間學術團體的湧現與1980年代中後期的「文化熱」（I）

The Emergence of Non-Governmental Academic Groups and the ''Cultural Craze'' in the Mid to Late 1980s (I)

本文主要討論了1980年代中後期（1985-1989）五年間中國大陸知識界出現的「文化熱」。重點介紹和分析了《走向未來叢書》編委會、中國文化書院、《文化：中國與世界》編委會、《青年論壇》編委會、《新啟蒙》編委會五個民間思想文化學術團體，他們的指導思想、學術活動與思想成果；同時，對其中最有影響的代表性學者，如金觀濤、李澤厚、湯一介、龐樸、甘陽、胡平、王元化的學術思想、貢獻，作了初步的分析。並將「文化熱」中大陸知識份子提出的述求概括為：要求改變單一的經濟現代化路線，進行政治、經濟、文化體制的全面的根本變革，實現政治民主、思想自由與學術獨立的「全面現代化」；要求以懷疑、批判為核心的科學精神對傳統文化、黨文化、西方文化進行全面反思，最終實現文化的多元選擇，中國文化與世界文化的有機融合；要求徹底擺脫知識份子的依附地位，真正成為國家的主人，同時不斷進行自我質疑。

This article mainly discusses the ''Cultural Craze'' that emerged in the intellectual circles in Mainland China during the mid to late 1980s (1985-1989). It focuses on introducing and analyzing the five folk ideological and cultural academics: the editorial board of Towards the Future Series, ''Chinese Cultural Academy'', Culture: China and the World, Youth Forum, New Enlightenment, their guiding ideology, academic activities and ideological achievements; at the same time, the most influential scholars, such as Jin Guan-tao, Li Ze-hou, Tang Yi-jie, Pang Pu, Gan Yang, Hu Ping, Wang Yuan-hua's academic thoughts and contributions, made preliminary contributions analysis: required to change a single economic modernization course, to conduct a comprehensive fundamental changes in political, economic, cultural institutions, political democracy, freedom of thought and academic independence ''comprehensive modernization''; It requires the scientific spirit with suspicion and criticism as the core to conduct a comprehensive reflection on tradi tional culture, party culture, and western culture, and finally realize the multiple choices of culture and the organic integration of Chinese culture and world culture; it is required to completely get rid of the dependent status of intellectuals and truly become the master of the country, while constantly questioning itself.