初探英國司法對監護處分實務作為──精神疾病罪犯之處置策略

A Preliminary Study of the British Judicial Practices on Custodial Protection - Practices of Treatment Strategies for Criminals with Mental Disorder

臺灣精神衛生法條文從2007年公布63條的精神衛生法，並於2008年開始施行後，期間只有針對第2條與第4條進行修正，鑑於我國刑法第19條而衍生的監護處分作為受到關注，修法的呼籲聲浪提高，本文從臺灣監護處分統計資料瞭解諭知監護處分的趨勢，對比英國監護處分的統計資料，剖析英國針對精神疾病患者的各種處遇措施。再藉由瞭解英國的精神衛生法從1959年制定後，歷經1983年以及2007年三次修法的進程，企圖透過完備法條相關規範給予精神疾病罪犯完整的醫療照護與復歸，搜尋相關文獻研究來分析英國針對精神疾病罪犯的實務處置作為，從英國刑事司法精神醫學體系來進行整體脈絡的說明，包括三級制安全戒護、強制醫療命令以及強制社區治療命令等實務作為，進而針對英國最新精神疾病患者的起訴與量刑指南進行探究，最後提出臺灣與英國在相關處置上的困境與挑戰，進而提出相關修法建議的方向。

The promulgation of total 63 Articles of the Mental Health Law was announced in 2007 in Taiwan and then put in implementation in 2008. During this period, only Article 2 and Article 4 were amended. By understanding the progress of the mental health law in the United Kingdom since its enactment in 1959, the law has been amended three times since 1983 to 2007. Forensic mental health system will be explored by examining the relative literatures in the UK. The aim is to provide complete medical care and empowerment to mentally disordered offenders by enacting the relevant regulations of the law. In addition, the latest prosecution and sentencing guidelines for mentally ill offenders in the United Kingdom would be further discussed. Finally, the dilemmas and challenges in the treatment of mentally ill offenders in Taiwan and the UK will be illustrated. The suggestions in terms of directions of relevant legislative amendments would be offered.